Preventing Suicide Listen with a sincere attitude of

Preventing Suicide • Listen with a sincere attitude of concern • Ask them if they are feeling suicidal • Stay with them; do something together • If you have immediate concern, call the police • Give them the number for the su. Icide hotline: 1 -800 -273 -TALK (8255)

Types of Conflict • Conflict – pulled toward two desires/goals, only one of which can be attained • Approach–approach – must choose between two desirable goals (“win-win”) • Avoidance–avoidance - must choose between two undesirable goals (“caught between a rock and a hard place”) • Approach–avoidance – only one goal; must choose or not choose goal with both positive and negative aspects Approach-Avoidance

Stress and Health 9. 4 How does stress affect the body? SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC

General Adaptation Syndrome

Relationship Between Stress and Cold

Stress and Heart Disease

Stress and the Immune System • Immune system - cells, organs, and chemicals that respond to disease, infection, and injury • Negatively affected by stress. • Psychoneuroimmunology - study of psychological factors’ impact on immune system • Natural killer cell - suppresses viruses and destroys tumor cells.

Click to edit Master title style Cognitive Appraisal Approach 9. 5 How do cognition and personality affect the experience of stress? • Cognitive–mediational theory of emotions- appraisal of stressor is major factor in level of stress Click anywhere to scroll Appraisal chart

Stress and Personality • Type A personality - ambitious, time conscious, hardworking, often hostile • Type B personality – relaxed, less competitive than Type A, slow to anger • Type C personality – pleasant, repressed, internalizes anger/anxiety

Stress and Heart Disease

Hardy Personality • Hardy personality - thrives on stress but lacks anger/hostility of Type A Control Commitment Challenge

Stress and Personality • Optimists - people who expect positive outcomes • Pessimists - people who expect negative outcomes

Become an Optimistic Thinker 1. Stop and think 2. Recognize negative statements 3. Argue with your thoughts

Stress and Social Factors 9. 6 What social factors influence stress? • Social factors increasing the effects of stress include poverty, stresses on the job or in the workplace, and entering a majority culture that is different from one’s culture of origin

Negative changes in thoughts, emotions and behaviors due to prolonged stress