President Johnson Johnsons Reconstruction Plan forgave all people

President Johnson • Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan forgave all people in the South who swore allegiance to the United States • Ends secession

Radical Republicans • Republicans were angry with Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan because they wanted to punish the South • The Republicans who did not like Johnson’s plan were called Radical Republicans

What Happens Because of Reconstruction 1. Presidents Lose Power • Congress gets more power 2. Continued discrimination against African Americans • Ex. Paying slaves very little money • Ex. Not letting slaves vote

Freedman’s Bureau • Organization created to help newly freed slaves with their new freedom • Set up schools, provide medical care, food, clothes, and jobs

“New South” • “New South” = name for how the South changed after the Civil War • The South was now different because… 1. Growing different types of crops 2. Factories in the South • Textiles – making clothes in factories • Tobacco factories

Good Things for Freed Slaves • Blacks were elected to Congress • Black schools were built • Individuals worked to educate and advance blacks like Ida B. Wells

Civil Rights Amendments 13 th Amendment = ends slavery

14 th Amendment Protects the right to be a citizen

15 th Amendment All men can vote, even if you used to be a slave

Bad Things for Freed Slaves • Many white people tried to take these rights from people who used to be slaves • Ex: Literacy Tests: blacks had to pass a test in order to vote • Ex: Poll Taxes: blacks had to pay money, a tax to vote • Ku Klux Klan • Organization in the South who killed black people and tried to keep them from doing well in life

Jim Crow Laws • Local and state laws that took away freedoms of African Americans after the end of the Civil War – • Was about separating races (segregation) and taking away the right to vote (disfranchisement ) • Ignored the 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th amendments • Jim Crow Laws continued until 1964

Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) • Supreme Court case that said Jim Crow Laws were legal and constitutional • Said “separate but equal” is okay

End of Reconstruction • The Compromise of 1877 unofficially ended Reconstruction • Whites gained control of governments in the South