Presented by CINSP ARVIN REX AGUSTIN AFALLA BFP

Presented by: CINSP ARVIN REX AGUSTIN AFALLA, BFP “FIRE SAFETY IS OUR MAIN CONCERN” Deputy District Fire Marshal for ADMIN con. District OPRNS Chief MANILA FIRE DISTRICT BFP-NCR

Objectives of the Presentation: l Understand BFP as an organization and its operation; l Tragic FIRES in the Philippines; l Understand the Concept and Principles of Fire Behavior; l Fire Safety Tips and Others!! l Establishment of Fire Brigades

A. BFP as an Organization BRIEF HISTORY OF THE BFP 1900 - The first fire department was established in Manila during the American occupation 1940 - Fire departments were established in neighboring cities and towns each has their own organizational set-up 1975 - Integration of the local fire departments in city/municipality police forces under a national police organization called the Philippine Constabulary - Integrated National Police(PC-INP) 1990 - Republic Act No. 6975 was enacted establishing a separate fire protection bureau designed to be a national in scope and civilian in character

Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions: 1. Be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires on: • Buildings, houses and other structures; • Forest; • Land transportation vehicles and equipment; • Ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves anchored in major sea ports; • Petroleum industry installations; • Plane crashes; and • Other similar incidents.

Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions: 2. Be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines 2008 (RA 9514) and other related laws; 3. Shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires and if necessary, file the proper complaint with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case; 4. In time of national emergency, all elements of the BFP shall upon the direction of the President, assist the AFP in meeting the national emergency; and 5. Shall establish at least one (1) fire station with adequate personnel, fire fighting facilities and equipment in every provincial capital, city and municipality subject to the standard rules and regulations as may be promulgated by the DILG.

19 MARCH 1996 160 persons killed 83 persons injured P 15 M in damages

12 JANUARY 2004 12, 500 families left homeless 6, 000 homes burned to the ground P 40 M in damages

August 18, 2001 75 DEATHS CAUSE OF FIRE: Damage was estimated to about 10 Million pesos. Overloading that led to heating of wiring and electrical short circuit. Testimonial evidence of Ronilo Pacinos Y Ritual, hotel guest billeted at room 306 who noticed the fire at the ceiling of the stockroom at the 3 rd floor.

• Always turn off the stove after cooking • Don’t leave the stove while cooking • Never let the stove get red hot • Keep your heat-producing appliances clean. • Don't keep or store any flammable substances Old food particles & greasy build-up can ignite in your kitchen

• Never smoke in bed. • Always have an ashtray available in your home. • Crush your cigarette & cigar stubs thoroughly before discarding them. • Do not throw cigar & cigarette butts into waste basket. • Strictly obey “No Smoking” signs.

Ø Keep stove at least a foot distance from any surrounding combustible wall or sidings. Ø Make sure all gas connections are rigid and tight. Avoid rubber or flexible tubings.

C. Fire Behavior

§ FIRE is a result of a chain reaction from the rapid combination of oxygen, fuel and heat.

Elements of Fire

Fire Spreads in Three (3) Ways Direct Heat Transfer. This is the transfer of heat from one body to another through direct flame contact.

Heat Transfer by Radiation. It is the act of radiating or the emission and propagation of radiant heat or energy. It involves the stages of emission, absorption and transmission of heat or energy. It involves thermal process whereby atmospheric circulation is maintained through the upward or downward transfer of air masses of different temperature.

Heat Transfer by Convection. It is the diffusion of heat in liquid or gas form through the motion of its parts

Classes of Fire Class A fires involve ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics.

Class B fires involve flammable/combustible liquids, greases, and gases.

Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment.

Class D fires involve combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium.

Classes of FIRE

THE FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT THEORY The principles of fire extinction consist of the elimination or removal of one or more of the four elements. These principles are: COOLING STARVATION l. By using Water as it l. By absorbs heat from the fire and cools the fuel to a temperature where it no longer produces flammable vapors. SMOTHERING l. By excluding the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere, the fire will be extinguished. removal of the fuel burning in the fire. Sometimes combustible material can be removed such as by shutting off gas valves or fuel flows. STOP CHAIN REACTION l. Stop or interrupt the chain reaction between the fuel, heat and oxygen the fire will be extinguished.

Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO 2 extinguishers) CARRYING HANDLE DISCHARGE HOSE DATA PLATE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY

TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Dry Chemical Carbon Dioxide Clean Agent AFFF

Fire Extinguisher Use P Pull the pin A Aim low at the base of the FIRE S Squeeze the Lever S Sweep from side to side

Fire Safety Tips Participate in seminars, fire and evacuation drills Emergency numbers Be familiar with fire extinguishers Building’s fire Alarm Stay calm Evacuation plan Presence of Mind –(lots of it)

People’s Response to Fire HEARING SEEING SMELLING TOUCHING REACTION IGNORE TELLING OTHERS FIGHTING FIRE ASSISTING OTHERS ESCAPE

FIRE BRIGADE ORGANIZATION (Officers and Members) 1. OFFICERS a) Fire Marshal b) Deputy Fire Marshal c) Chief, Command Post/ Communication Station d) Evacuation Team Leader e) Fire Extinguishing Team Leader f) Rescue and Salvaged Team Leader g) Traffic Team Leader h) First-Aid/Medical Team Leader

• Prepare and implement a fire safety plan

• Organize a Fire Brigade and provide an Organizational Chart of Officers and Members

• Provide equipment, tools, appliances and other materials needed by the fire brigade

• Conduct fire exit/evacuation drills

• Supervise and coordinate with the fire brigade personnel during emergency and fire drills.

• Require brigade officers to submit report of activities undertaken during fire incidents & drills

Deputy Fire Marshal • Assist the fire marshal in all activities of the fire brigade • Take-over the duties of the fire marshal during the latter’s absence or incapacity to perform duty

Fire Extinguishing Team Leader

• Select sufficient number of qualified male personnel for designation by the Fire Marshal

• Organize, train and supervise the teams under his command

• Supervise and coordinate the teams in the control & extinguishment of fires and during fire drills.

• Be responsible for the availability & state of readiness of his team.

Evacuation Team Leader • Take charge of the evacuation of occupants responsibility.

Rescue & Salvage Team Leader • Assist the evacuation Team Captain in training the members • Supervise their respective teams in rescue & salvage operations.

Traffic Team Leader • Assist the Command Post Chief in organizing & training the members of the team. • Supervise the traffic team in clearing the involved area for the easy access of arriving Fire Department apparatus

Medical Officer/First Aid Team Leader

• Conduct first-aid treatment to injured persons.

• Send victims/injured persons to the nearest hospitals if necessary.

Company Fire Safety Inspectors

• Conduct periodic & formal inspection of each floor bldg. or area including facilities for exits

• Conduct daily inspection of fire extinguishers.

• Recommend periodic test of standpipe system, fire hose & sprinkler system if there is any.

• Check garbage & refuse if they are dispose regularly

• Check obstruction of corridors, aisles, hallways, passageways & fire escape doors, windows & balconies.

• Check all exit signs.

• Conduct daily visual inspection of fire alarms.

• Conduct periodic inspection and maintainance of emergency lighting system.

• Recommend corrections of all noted deficiencies

Remember, only fight a FIRE when: v The fire is small and contained; v You are safe from toxic smoke; v You have a means of escape; v Your instincts tell you it’s OK; - familiar with extinguisher operation; - extinguisher = fire type; - confidence through training; - a lot of COMMON SENSE v And an Organized Fire Brigade Team (FBT)? ? ? ? ?

WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF FIRE. . . - Stay CALM, Don’t PANIC. C - Call 117 or nearest Fire Station; A - Alert all Occupants/Sound the Alarm; L - Listen to instructions; M - Move or Evacuate the area.

Who you gonna Call? 117 Emergency Hotline 5273627 5273653 Manila Fire District 711 -6970 Emergency Medical Service PNP

Give the following details • • • Type of Emergency Location / Landmarks Name Phone Number Used Other Data Asked By Operator *Be the last to hang up*

QUESTIONS “FIRE SAFETY IS OUR MAIN CONCERN”

Thank You! References and Acknowledgement: v v v BFP Presentations and Lecture Compilations of the BFP Speakers Bureau; R. A. 9514 New Fire Code of the Philippines 2008 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations; BFP Manual and Fire related internet websites; FCIARAAFALLA 2011 MFD BFP-NCR District Headquarters, Manila