Presentation Slides to Accompany Organizational Behavior 10 th
Presentation Slides to Accompany Organizational Behavior 10 th Edition Don Hellriegel and John W. Slocum, Jr. Chapter 7—Managing Individual Stress Prepared by Michael K. Mc. Cuddy Valparaiso University Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress
Slide 7. 1 Learning Objectives for Managing Individual Stress v Explain the concept of stress and stressors and a person’s response to stress v Discuss the relationship between personality and stress v State the primary sources of stress in organizations v Describe the effects of stress on health and job performance v Identify individual and organizational practices for managing stress Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 104
Slide 7. 2 The Relationship Between Stressors and Experienced Stress Influenced by the Person’s: Perceptions Stressors from the Environment Past Experiences Stress Experienced by the Person Social Support Individual Differences Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 105
Slide 7. 3 Behavioral Tendencies of the Type A Personality v Time urgency v Competitiveness and hostility v Polyphasic behavior v Lack of planning Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 106
Slide 7. 4 Characteristics of the Hardy Personality v Feeling a sense of commitment v Responding to each difficulty as a challenge and an opportunity v Having a sense of control over one’s life Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 107
Slide 7. 5 Sources of Work Stressors and Experienced Stress Work Stressors Influenced by the Employee’s: Workload Perceptions Job Conditions Past Experiences Role Conflict and Ambiguity Social Support Career Development Individual Differences Stress Experienced by the Employee Interpersonal Relations Aggressive Behavior Conflict Between Work and Other Roles Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 108
Slide 7. 6 Stressors and Work–Family Conflict Stressors Creates Leads to Work Versus Family Work and Family Stress on Employee Work–Family Conflicts Triggers Possible Outcomes Dissatisfaction Frustration Depression Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 109
Slide 7. 7 Stressful Events for College Students High Stress Events Moderate Stress Events Low Stress Events * Death of parent * Academic probation * Death of spouse * Change of major * Change in eating habits * Divorce * Death of close friend * Change in sleeping habits * Flunking out * Failing important course * Change in social activities * Unwed pregnancy * Finding a new love interest * Loss of financial aid * Conflict with instructor * Major injury or illness * Lower grades than expected * Parents’ divorce * Serious arguments with romantic partner * Outstanding achievement Source: Adapted from Baron, R. A. , and Byrne, D. Social Psychology: Understanding Human Interaction, 6 th ed. Boston, Allyn & Bacon, 1991, 573. Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 110
Slide 7. 8 Effects of Stress v Physiological effects v Increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, sweating, hot and cold spells, etc. v Emotional effects v Anger, anxiety, depression, lowered self-esteem, etc. v Behavioral effects v Poor performance, absenteeism, high accident rates, high turnover rates, etc. Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 111
Slide 7. 9 Health Impacts of Stress v Health problems v Coronary heart disease, back pain, headaches, etc. v Impact on the organization v Increased health insurance costs and lost work days v Over 75% of industrial accidents are rooted in stress v Stress-related workers’ compensation claims Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 112
Slide 7. 10 Typical Relationship Between Performance and Stress Too Little Stress Optimum Stress Excessive Stress Level of Performance High (excellent) Low (poor) Low Amount of Stress Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress High 113
Slide 7. 11 Components and Characteristics of Burnout v Components: v State of emotional exhaustion v Depersonalization of individuals v Feelings of low personal accomplishment v Characteristics: v Experiences high stress from work-related stressors v Idealistic and self-motivating achievers v Often seek unattainable goals Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 114
Slide 7. 12 Individual Stress Management Initiatives v Designed to eliminate or control sources of stress and improve the person’s ability to cope v A person can manage stress by: v Planning ahead and practicing good time management v Having good personal health management practices v Maintaining a positive perspective v Balancing work life and personal life v Learning a relaxation technique Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 115
Slide 7. 13 Organizational Stress Management Initiatives v Designed to: v Identify and modify or eliminate work stressors v Help employees modify perception of work stress v Help employees cope with the consequences of stress v Organizations can manage stress by: v Reducing work stressors v Modifying behaviors v Creating wellness programs Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 116
Slide 7. 14 Organizational Stress Management Initiatives for Reducing Stressors v Improvements in the physical work environment v Job design v Changes in workloads and deadlines v Changes in work schedules, more flexible hours, and sabbaticals v Increased employee participation Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 117
Slide 7. 15 Organizational Stress Management Initiatives for Modifying Behaviors v Team building v Career counseling and other employee assistance programs v Time management workshops v Job burnout workshops v Training in relaxation techniques Chapter 7: Managing Individual Stress 118
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