PRESENTATION ON BASICS OF HYDRAULIC TURBINE SHUDHANSHU CHHAJED

HYDRAULIC ENERGY IT IS GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIONAL ENERGY STORED IN WATER DUE TO HEIGHT

HYDRAULIC MACHINE HYDRAULIC ENERGY MECHANICAL ENERGY

TYPES OF HYDRAULIC MACHINES 1. TURBINE HYDRAULIC ENERGY 2. PUMP MECHANICAL ENERGY HYDRAULIC ENERGY

HISTORY OF HYDRAULIC TURBINE • HUMANS USE WATER TO PRODUCE POWER FROM THOUSANDS OF YEARS. • THE GREEKS USED WATER WHEELS FOR GRINDING WHEAT INTO FLOUR.

HISTORY OF HYDRAULIC TURBINE • THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN HYDROPOWER TURBINE BEGAN IN THE MID 1700 s. • IN 1910 ELECTRICITY GENRATOR IS COUPLED WITH WATER TURBINE IN HYDRAULIC POWER PLANT.

BL AD VA OR ES NS TURBINE N U R R E N T E L UT O T E L IN SH T F A

General Layout of Hydraulic Power Plant

HEAD RACE TAIL RACE HEAD HEIGHT IS AT AT HEIGHT MEANS POTENTIAL ENERGY WATER RESERVOIR TURBINE OUTLET

PENSTOCKS Pipes of large Diameter called penstocks , which carry water under pressure from storage to turbine. PENSTOKS

GROSS HEAD (Hg ) HEAD RACE –TAIL RACE GROSS HEAD

NET HEAD OR EFFECTIVE HEAD (H) HEAD AT INLET OF TURBINE NET HEAD

D A M WATER TURB -INE WHEN WATER GOES TO TURBINE FROM DAM ITS HEAD(PRESSURE) AT INLET OF THE TURBINE DECREASES DUE TO FRICTION IN PIPESTOCKS IF IS THE LOSS IN PRESSURE HEAD DUE TO FRICTION THEN NET HEAD IS GIVEN BY

EFFICIENCIES OF A TURBINE 1. 2. 3. 4. HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY OVERALL EFFICIENCY

HYDRAULIC EFFICIENCY H. E. = POWER DELIVERED TO RUNNER POWER SUPPLIED AT INLET ER N N RU T E L N I

MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY M. E. = POWER AT THE SHAFT OF THE TURBINE POWER DELIVERED BY WATER TO THE TURBINE T E L N I T S F HA

VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY V. E. = VOLUME OF WATER ACTUALLY STRIKING THE RUNNER VOLUME OF WATER SUPPLIED TO TURBINE R E NN RU T INLE

OVERALL EFFICIENCY O. E. = VOLUME AVAILABLE AT THE SHAFT OF TURBINE POWER SUPPLIED AT INLET OF THE TURBINE ET INL T S F HA

CLASSIFICATION OF HYDRAULIC TURBINES ARE CLASSIFIED AS FOLLOWS 1. ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF ENERGY AT INLET 2. ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTION OF FLOW TO THE RUNNER 3. ACCORDING TO THE HEAD AT THE INLET OF TURBINE 4. ACCORDING TO THE SPECIFIC SPEED OF THE TURBINE

ACCORDING TO THE TYPE OF ENERGY AT INLET 1. IMPULSE TURBINE 2. REACTION TURBINE

ACCORDING TO THE DIRECTION OF FLOW TO THE RUNNER 1. TANGENTIAL FLOW TURBINE 2. AXIAL FLOW TURBINE 3. RADIAL FLOW TURBINE 4. MIXED FLOW TURBINE

ACCORDING TO THE HEAD AT THE INLET OF TURBINE 1. HIGH HEAD TURBINE 3. MEDIUM HEAD TURBINE 3. LOW HEAD TURBINE

ACCORDING TO THE SPECIFIC SPEED OF THE TURBINE 1. LOW SPECIFIC SPEED TURBINE 2. MEDIUM SPECIFIC SPEED TURBINE 3. HIGH SPECIFIC SPEED TURBINE

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