PRESENT TENSES Simple Present Tense Simple Present Continuous
- Slides: 18
PRESENT TENSES
Simple Present Tense Simple Present Continuous Tense Simple Present Perfect Tense
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
USAGE (KEGUNAAN) 1. 2. 3. Expressing facts (menyatakan fakta) Expressing habits (menyatakan kebiasaan) Menyatakan suatu kejadian atau peristiwa yang merupakan kebenaran umum (general truth).
ADVERBIAL OF TIME (KET WAKTU) 1. adverb of frequency always, sometimes, occasionally, generally , seldom, normally, never, often , ever, usually 2. once, twice, three times, four times 3. at noon, at night, at midnight 4. on Sunday, on Monday 5. in the morning, in the afternoon
BASIC FORM (RUMUS DASAR) (+) : S + V 1 (s/es) S + to be + N/Adj 1. (-) : S + do/does + not + V 1 S + to be + not + N/Adj 2. (? ) : Do/does + S + V 1 + O To be + S + N/Adj 3.
POSITIVE SENTENCE Subject Verb I/to be Object I write a story You buy a shirt I am procurement You are carpenter We clean a room They play tennis He goes to school She gives a present It swims very fast We are classmate They are very happy He is so handsome She is sad right now It is a cat
NEGATIVE SENTENCE Subject V 1 || N/Adj Object I write a story You buy a shirt clean the room tennis We do/does| |to be not do They I Am play pianist You Are alone Here We Are enemy At all They Are not siblings He She Does It He She It is not goes to school gives a present swims good guy very fast a pickpocket a duck
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE Do/does || to be Subject V 1 || N/Adj Object I write a story? You buy a shirt? We clean the room? play right tennis? Am They I Are You OK Are We In Are They He Couple? goes to school? She gives a present? It He swims the right very fast? Guy? She Your girlfriend? It The book? Do Does Is Is Is
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCE
ACTIVE Adalah kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan pekerjaan. She calls me | dia memanggilku He killed a dog | dia membunuh seekor anjing
KALIMAT PASIF Kalimat Pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai pekerjaan atau dikenai perbuatan. Jika kita ingin membuat kalimat pasif dalam simple present tense, kita memerlukan is, am, are. I am called by her | saya dipanggil olehnya A dog was killed by him | anjing itu dibunuh olehnya
FORMULA Positif : Subjek + is/am/are + past participle/V 3 The window is being closed by him. Negatif : Subjek + is/am/are + Not + Past Participle The window is not being closed by him. Pertanyaan : is/am/are + Subjek + Past Participle Is he closed the window?
HINT 1. Subjeknya sebagai penderita. 2. Arti dari kata kerjanya berawalan di-, ter-, atau , ter-kan. 3. Kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris selalu memakai kata kerja bentuk ke-3/past participle.
EXAMPLE Aktif : Lia Maemun makes a strawberry cake. Pasif : A strawberry cake is made by Lia Maemun Aktif : Rosinta writes a short story. Pasif : A short story is written by Rosinta
Pada kalimat pasif yang ditekankan adalah pekerjaannya atau perbuatannya/verbnya, dan tidak terlalu penting siapa atau apa yang melakukan perkejaan itu. Kita tidak perlu selalu memakai kata “by…/oleh…” dalam kalimat pasif. Contoh: His computer was stolen.
HOW TO CHANGE ACTIVE INTO PASSIVE? Kalimat aktif yang akan dirubah harus mempunyai obyek. Jadi dalam hal ini, kata kerja yang dipakai harus kata kerja transitif (kata kerja yang memerlukan obyek) Subyek dalam kalimat aktif dirubah menjadi obyek dalam kalimat pasif, dan sebaliknya obyek dalam kalimat aktif diubah menjadi subyek dalam kalimat pasif.
Kata kerja kalimat pasif harus berbentuk past participle (kata kerja bentuk ketiga) atau V 3 yang didahului oleh to be (been, being, were, was, are, am, is) yang diikuti oleh “by (oleh)”. Jadi dapat dituliskan bentuk predikat kalimat pasif adalah : To be + past participle (V 3) Kalimat pasif yang berbentuk continuous, maka bentuk predikatnya adalah : To be + being + past participle (V 3) Penyusunan kalimatnya harus sesuai dengan bentuk waktu (tenses)
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