PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE VS PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE The

PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE VS. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

The Present Simple Tense Paco likes sports

The Present Simple Tense Positive: (+) SUBJECT + I VERB* play + OBJECT football. *Third person singular –s : (general rule) She plays football. he / she / it knows, starts, eats, lives, plays, reads, looks, obeys Exceptions: 1. Verbs ending -y (after a consonant) + ies e. g. study, carry, try, fly, cry. he / she / it studies / carries / tries / flies / cries 2. Verbs ending -ss, -sh , -ch, -x + -es e. g. kiss, wash, watch, mix. he/ she / it kisses, washes, watches, mixes 3. Verbs ending -o do, go he / she / it does, goes

The Present Simple Tense Negative: (-) SUBJECT + DO / DOES + NOT + VERB + OBJECT I don’t play football. He doesn’t play football.

The Present Simple Tense Interrogative: (? ) The interrogative structure in the Present Simple follows this pattern: Without an interrogative pronoun: DO / DOES + SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT OR COMPLEMENTS Do you play football? Does she play football? With an interrogative pronoun: WH + DO / DOES + SUBJECT + VERB ? What do you want to do? WH- PRONOUNS AND INTERROGATIVE PARTICLES: who, what , when, where, why, how much, how many, how often, what time, etc …

The Present Simple Tense USES We use the Present Simple to talk about: Ø Ø Everyday activities Habits and routines e. g. I go to school every day. e. g. I usually go out with my friends at weekends. Ø Ø Ø Permanent situations Likes and dislikes Stative verbs e. g. I live in Cañada del Hoyo. e. g. I love pizza. e. g. I hate studying. e. g. I feel very happy today.

The Present Simple Tense Stative verbs Verbs expressing states, possession, senses, emotions, and mental activities: 1. Verbs of senses (perception) – smell, see, hear, taste, feel e. g. I smell something burning in the kitchen. 2. Mental processes (thoughts) – know, believe, think, understand, mean, doubt e. g. She understands the principles of photosynthesis. 3. Possession possess, have, own, belong e. g. I have an allergy to cats. 4. Emotions, attitudes, opinions –like, love, hate, desire, need, want e. g. The boy needs new clothes. 5. Measurement –equal, measure, weigh, cost e. g. The shoes cost a lot of money.

Adverbs of frequency go before any verb, except auxiliary verbs and the verb to be: Paco never gets angry. V (ORDINARY VERB) Paco is always happy. V (AUX. VERB)

Other ways to express frequency Adverbial phrases once, twice, three times a day/week/month… every morning/afternoon/day/week/month/year… on Mondays/weekdays at weekends… They go at the end of the sentence: e. g. I do my homework every afternoon. or at the beginning followed by a comma: e. g. Every afternoon, I do my homework.

The Present Continuous Tense Paco is improving his English Is Paco really improving his level of English? Yes, he is. Paco is taking pains to learn English. He is making a great effort to speak English properly. He is studying hard because he needs the English language for his journey around the world.

The Present Continuous Tense Positive: Subject + Present “to be” + Present Participle (-ing) Negative: Subject + Present “to be” + NOT + Present Participle (-ing) Interrogative: Present “to be” + Subject + Present Participle (-ing)?

The Present Continuous Tense

The Present Continuous Tense Spelling rules for adding –ing to the verb (I): A. General rule: e. g. eat, read, look, clean verb (base form) + ing. → eating, reading, looking, cleaning B. Verbs ending with silent final -e drop the e, then add –ing. e. g. love, live, make, take → loving, living, making, taking the C. 1 - syllable verbs ending Consonant Vowel Consonant (CVC) double final consonant, then add –ing. e. g. run, sit, stop, swim → running, sitting, stopping, swimming

The Present Continuous Tense Spelling rules for adding –ing to the verb (II): final D. 2 - syllable verbs ending with stress on the las syllable, double the consonant, then add –ing. e. g. refer, begin, prefer, controlling → referring, beginning, preferring, E. Verbs ending –l double the final consonant, then add –ing. e. g. travel, cancel → travelling, cancelling F. Verbs ending –ie change –ie to –y, then add –ing. e. g. die, lie → dying, lying

The Present Continuous Tense USES We use Present Continuous to talk about: 1. Actions happening at the moment of speaking. e. g. Paco is wearing a new suit. 2. Also for several actions happening at the same time: e. g. Colin is playing football and Anne is watching. 3. Actions happening in a period around the present moment in time. e. g. Thomas’s cousin is staying with them these days. 4. Future plans and arrangements. e. g. Andrés is meeting Paco next Saturday.