Prepared by Kamal Hosny 11367 Maged Osama 11377

under supervision of Prof. /Sherein Saeid

pulpy kidney

Definition Pulpy kidney (enterotoxaemia) is a a common, per acute and usually fatal enterotoximic disease of sheep, goats and cattle. It occurs in sheep when a bacterium (C. perfringens type D) that normally inhabits the animal’s intestines without causing problems begins to multiply and produce toxins.

cause the Epsilon toxin of C. perfringens type D Clostridium perfringens type D causes the highest number of sheep fatalities. It is a large, gram positive, anaerobic bacillus that is commensalises the gastrointestinal tract of most mammals

Symptoms Per acute sudden death Acute salivation and coma Sub neurological signs acute

Pathogenesis Sudden change in diet (high CHO content ) Acidosis (good media for M. O multiplication) Secretion of Epsilon toxin Circulation of the toxin in the blood Endothelial injury Edema and hemorrhage in the brain and kidney

Postmortem Ø Hemorrhage under the skin , heart and kidney Ø Straw colored fluid or jelly like clot in the pericardial sac

Ø Small intestine tear easily and its content is creamy. Ø The kidney usually more dark and jelly like and decompose more rapidly than other organs.

N. B o The lamb found dead with extended limbs and head thrown back o The carcass is decomposed rapidly in few hours.

Microscopic Kidney : Necrosis and degeneration of proximal convoluted tubules

Brain : Brain edema and hemorrhage around the capillaries symmetric encephalomalacia