PreBudget campaign National Budget 2014 15 Climate Change

Pre-Budget campaign National Budget 2014 -15 “Climate Change Resilient & Integration” www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Our objective of this campaign - Understanding and initiate the discourse on climate integrated budgeting among the CSO, climate activist and policy makers. - To address the scale and trend of planned and actual expenditure on climate activities in context on Bangladesh - Draw primary recommendation for climate integrating national budget and financing www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Perception on climate finance expenditure in public sector Activities classified as adaptation-related if it intends to reduce the vulnerability of human or natural systems to the impacts of climate change and climate-related risks, by maintaining or increasing adaptive capacity and resilience (OECD, 2011). www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Perception on climate finance expenditure in public sector Sector Enabling activities Example Activities - Supporting the development of climate change adaptation-specific policies, programs and plans. - Capacity strengthening of national institutions responsible for adaptation Agriculture Promoting diversified agricultural production to reduce climate risk Energy Strengthening of energy system, transmission and distribution infrastructure to cope with the expected impacts of climate change Forestry Securing local rights and systems for the sustainable and long-term utilization of the forest in order to increase resilience to climate change Health Strengthening food safety regulations; developing or enhancing monitoring and prevention systems Transport Building protection from climate hazards into existing transport infrastructures. Water and sanitation Monitoring and management of hydrological and meteorological data. Development of water & sanitation system in affected areas. Source: Handbook on the OECD-DEC climate markers. Preliminary version. OECD, 2011. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Bangladesh progress - Govt. has election pledge but little reflected in 6 th FYP. - NAPA – BCCSAP “Only policy but stand alone document”. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Bangladesh progress - BCCSAP is typically a comprehensive doc, this is not prioritized, cost-effective or sequenced. - Social safety net program link with CC but no specific reference was made to climate change in the social protection policy. - Some sectoral policies are identified those are apparently nonsupportive to climate issues and its expenditures. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Institutional Capacity - Ministries of Environment: lead role but limited influence - Mechanisms for coordination are not as well established - No appropriate frame work that demonstrates the CC expenditures properly - No local level planning or budgeting. - Constitutional limitations - There are little participation of Parliament in the budgetary process. - Submit the national budget as “Financial Bill” to the parliament. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Expenditure and Funding mechanism Two funding sources major; - Domestic Resource mobilization (77%) that includes ADP and BCCTF - Foreign Fund through ADP and BCCRF - Financial Projection US$ 500 million- 01 billion per year www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Climate related expenditure by countries Country % of National Budget % of National GDP 6. 7% 1. 8% 5. 5 -7. 2% 0. 9% 14. 9 -16. 9% 3. 1 – 6. 9% Samoa 15% 6% Thailand 2. 7% 0. 5% Nepal Bangladesh Cambodia Source: UNDP CPEIR study www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Allocation from national budget (Based on the BCCSAP thematic areas) Thematic Area 2009 -10 (in corer) 2010 -11 (in corer) 2011 -12 (in corer) 06_CB 2112. 38 2812. 74 2509. 43 01_FS & SP 1753. 07 2357. 27 2232. 39 03_Infra 1380. 97 1640. 93 1753. 90 02_CDM 1334. 05 1629. 14 1623. 97 04_KM 628. 44 859. 31 685. 50 05_LCD 261. 91 277. 30 304. 27 Total 7470. 82 9576. 69 9109. 46 Source: CPER, 2012 www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Priority approach on climate expenditure in Bangladesh Sector/program Renewable energy Priority approach Remarks Hi Energy efficiency and general energy Forestry Hi Mainly mitigation Disaster management Disaster rehabilitation Hi Human Relocation Water supply/quality Agriculture Low Hi-mid-low Livelihoods/rural development Mid-low Climate proofing infrastructure. Hi Health (general) Low Health (climate sensitive) Mid Mainly embankment Education (general) Health (general) Low Climate planning Hi-low General planning Low Focus BCCSAP Source: CPEIR, Lesson from Asia Pacific www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Program undertaken and set by ministry/division Ministry/Division 2009 -10 2010 -11 2011 -12 LGD, LG ministry 102 96 87 Water Resource 48 59 60 Agriculture 42 51 76 Road, railway and Communication 39 47 57 Environment & Forest 29 39 26 Energy, Power & Mineral Resource 13 15 17 Ministry of Education 13 26 21 Health 12 11 3 Other Ministries and Divisions (26) 77 84 84 Source: CPER 2012 www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Imbalance of allocations to climate actions Ministry/Division 2009 -2012 % of Total Climate Exp LGD, LG ministry 20382. 69 22. 1% Agriculture 18164. 82 19. 17% Disaster Management & Relief 16174. 76 17. 5% Primary and Mass education 5377. 12 5. 8% Road, railway and Communication 5321. 58 5. 8% Water Resource 4037. 21 4. 4% Social Welfare 3650. 89 4. 0% Planning Division 3383. 47 3. 7% Women and children 2554. 26 2. 8% Environment & Forest 2506. 60 2. 7% Other Ministries and Divisions (27) 10628. 31 11. 5% Source: CPER 2012 100% www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Poor relevancies on government climate budget and expenditure Relevancies Budget and expenditure 2009 -10 % 2010 -11 % 2011 -12 % Strongly 1343. 15 5. 0% 1335. 94 3. 9% 1192. 05 3. 8% Significantly 2261. 83 8. 5% 2683. 10 7. 8% 2687. 32 8. 6% Some-what 7101. 07 26. 5% 10218. 39 29. 8% 10964. 83 35. 3% Implicitly 16043. 55 60% 20097. 14 58. 5% 16250. 08 52. 3% Source: CPER-2012 www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Why we demand climate integrated national budgeting? Bangladesh has concern on following issues; Role of global community: not in favor in future (latest Co. P performance) - Depending to own resource mobilization - Strengthening our Institutional capacity ? ? www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Adaptation Experiences In Africa: most national governments are initiating governance systems for adaptation. Disaster risk management, adjustments in technologies and infrastructure, ecosystem-based approaches, basic public health measures, and livelihood diversification are reducing vulnerability, although efforts to date tend to be isolated. In Europe: adaptation policy has been developed across all levels of government, with some adaptation planning integrated into coastal and water management, into environmental protection and land planning, and into disaster risk management. In Asia: adaptation is being facilitated in some areas through mainstreaming climate adaptation action into national development planning, early warning systems, integrated water resources management, agro forestry, and coastal reforestation of mangroves. Source: IPCC AR-5 www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign In addressing an effective and pro climate economy In the planning process - Integrated national planning along with review the BCCSAP Review & develop a national policy for revenue and budgetary allocation to climate finance, that includes; - Role and responsibilities among the govt. institutions - Funding and allocation strategies in all aspect of climate finance and activities - Strategies for long term sustainability www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Institutional process - Strengthening parliamentary process in planning and budgeting. - Strengthen intra-government coordination; - Bureaucracy appear a hindering factor Policy coordination; role of planning commission influencing between sector policy and climate policies. Financial coordination: matching the resource with the policy & priorities. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Financial Planning and Expenditure - Strategy MTBF will support to prepare their integrated climate action national plan. - Set priority areas for development and allocate budget accordingly - All foreign funds will be integrated and disbursed through nonconditional public channel. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Budgetary Allocation - Increase budget for coastal development - Provide necessary allocation to facilitating urban poor & internal migration. www. equitybd. org

Pre Budget 2014 -15 Campaign Why we demand - Due to sea-level rise projected throughout the 21 st century and beyond, coastal systems and low-lying areas will increasingly experience adverse impacts such as submergence, coastal flooding, and coastal erosion (very high confidence). - Increase risk of loss of marine and coastal ecosystems, biodiversity, and the ecosystem goods, functions, and services they provide for coastal livelihoods in the tropics and the Arctic. SPM, IPCC AR-5 www. equitybd. org

Climate Change is nothing but a new tool of global Capitalism www. equitybd. org

We want such a Green world that socially just, redistributive and responsible. . . not foster a new generation of ‘green billionaires’ Thank You www. equitybd. org