PreAP English II SAT Voc Lesson 2 1

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Pre-AP English II SAT Voc. Lesson 2

Pre-AP English II SAT Voc. Lesson 2

1. antithesis • noun – a direct opposite, a contrast • Example – Good

1. antithesis • noun – a direct opposite, a contrast • Example – Good is the antithesis of evil. • Derivatives – antithetic, antithetically

2. ascend • v. – to move upward, to rise from a lower station

2. ascend • v. – to move upward, to rise from a lower station • Example – The climbers ascended the mountain. • Derivatives – ascendancy, ascendance, ascendant, ascension, ascending, ascetic

3. austere • adj. – strict, stern; unadorned, ascetic • Example – Pioneers usually

3. austere • adj. – strict, stern; unadorned, ascetic • Example – Pioneers usually led an austere existence. • Derivatives – austereness, austerely, austerity

4. autonomous • adj. – independent, self-contained • Example – One who is autonomous

4. autonomous • adj. – independent, self-contained • Example – One who is autonomous needs no help from others. • Derivatives – autonomic, autonomously, autonomist Statue of Freedom

5. banal • adj. – common, ordinary, lacking freshness, hackneyed • Example – Because

5. banal • adj. – common, ordinary, lacking freshness, hackneyed • Example – Because of his use of overused trite remarks, his speeches are banal. • Derivatives – banality, banally A rather banal American meal – burgers and fries with ketchup and mustard

6. benign • adj. – not causing harm, of gentle disposition, beneficial • Example

6. benign • adj. – not causing harm, of gentle disposition, beneficial • Example – The minister was loved because of his benign attitude toward all types of people. • Derivatives – benignly, benignant, benignancy, benignantly, benignity

7. capricious • adj. – changing suddenly, fickle • Example – Her capricious moods

7. capricious • adj. – changing suddenly, fickle • Example – Her capricious moods are difficult to anticipate. • Derivatives – caprice, capriciously, capriciousness

8. dawdle • v. – to waste time, to spend time idly, to move

8. dawdle • v. – to waste time, to spend time idly, to move in a lackadaisical manner • Example – Since we have a deadline, do not dawdle over your work. • Derivatives – dawdled, dawdling

9. defamation • n. – act of harming or ruining another’s reputation • Example

9. defamation • n. – act of harming or ruining another’s reputation • Example - The defamation of another’s character is a horrible thing. • Derivatives – defamatory, defamed, defamer, defamingly

10. esoteric • adj. – understood only by a small group or a select

10. esoteric • adj. – understood only by a small group or a select few • Example – The English teachers were having an esoteric discussion about the correct usage of some obscure word. • Derivatives – esoterical, esoterically, esotericism, esotericist, esoterism, esotery

11. exacerbate • v. – to aggravate, to irritate, to vex • Example –

11. exacerbate • v. – to aggravate, to irritate, to vex • Example – You will only exacerbate the situation if you try to call her. • Derivatives – exacerbatingly, exacerbation

12. extol • v. – to praise, to glorify • Example – The teacher

12. extol • v. – to praise, to glorify • Example – The teacher would always extol students who tried to do their best. • Derivatives – extolled, extolling, extoller

13. fastidious • adj. – reflecting a meticulous or demanding attitude, critical to an

13. fastidious • adj. – reflecting a meticulous or demanding attitude, critical to an extreme • Example – He considered her fastidious because she was offended by insignificant mistakes or errors. • Derivatives – fastidiously, fastidiousness

14. furtive • adj. – secret in an underhanded way, stealthy • Example –

14. furtive • adj. – secret in an underhanded way, stealthy • Example – During the test, he made some furtive glances at other classmates’ papers. • Derivatives – furtively, furtiveness

15. gregarious • adj. – sociable and outgoing • Example – He became much

15. gregarious • adj. – sociable and outgoing • Example – He became much more gregarious after he developed an interest in girls. • Derivatives – gregariously, gregariousness

16. hypocrite • n. – one who is insincere or deceitful • Example –

16. hypocrite • n. – one who is insincere or deceitful • Example – Saying one thing and then doing the other is the mark of a hypocrite. • Derivatives – hypocrites, hypocritically, hypocritical, hypocrisy

17. innate • adj. – existing from birth, inborn • Example – He has

17. innate • adj. – existing from birth, inborn • Example – He has innate athletic talents that cannot be taught. • Derivatives – innately, innateness

18. lethargic • adj. – sluggish, languid • Example – Having had too much

18. lethargic • adj. – sluggish, languid • Example – Having had too much to drink, he was very lethargic the morning after the party. • Derivatives – lethargically, lethargy

19. melancholy • n. – depression of spirits • adj. – mournful, depressed (a

19. melancholy • n. – depression of spirits • adj. – mournful, depressed (a melancholy mood); causing sadness (a melancholy occasion) • Example – After Dad lost his job, he fell into a state of melancholy. • Derivatives – melancholia, melancholically

20. opaque • adj. – not allowing the passage of light, not transparent; hard

20. opaque • adj. – not allowing the passage of light, not transparent; hard to understand • Example – I am going to place something opaque in the window so that no one will be able to see into this room. • Derivatives – opaquely, opaqueness

21. prolific • adj. – abundantly fruitful, marked by great productivity • Example –

21. prolific • adj. – abundantly fruitful, marked by great productivity • Example – Since he has written a great number of books in a short period, Stephen King is known as a prolific writer. • Derivatives – proliferation, proliferate, proliferously

22. reprove • v. – to scold or to rebuke for a misdeed usually

22. reprove • v. – to scold or to rebuke for a misdeed usually with a kindly intent • Example – A teacher sometimes needs to reprove a student for talking during class. • Derivatives – reprovable, reprovingly, reproving, reproves, reproof

23. symmetry • n. – balanced proportions • Example – The symmetry of the

23. symmetry • n. – balanced proportions • Example – The symmetry of the gardens of Versailles creates a beautiful and balanced atmosphere. • Derivatives – symmetrical, symmetrically

24. tranquil • adj. – peaceful, calm • Example – Weather in Texas can

24. tranquil • adj. – peaceful, calm • Example – Weather in Texas can quickly change from tranquil to turbulent. • Derivatives – tranquilization, tranquilize, tranquility, tranquilizer

25. venerate • v. – to honor, to revere • Example – Although she

25. venerate • v. – to honor, to revere • Example – Although she did not always agree with President Kennedy, she venerates his memory. • Derivatives – veneration, venerator, venerable, venerability