POWERPOINT LECTURE SLIDE PRESENTATION by LYNN CIALDELLA MBA
POWERPOINT® LECTURE SLIDE PRESENTATION by LYNN CIALDELLA, MBA, The University of Texas at Austin UNIT 3 15 PART A Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY AN INTEGRATED APPROACH DEE UNGLAUB SILVERTHORN Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings FOURTH EDITION
About this Chapter § The blood vessels § Blood pressure § Resistance in the arterioles § Distribution of blood to the tissues § Exchange at the capillaries § The lymphatic system § Regulation of blood pressure § Cardiovascular disease Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Functional Model of the Cardiovascular System Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -1
Blood Vessel Structure PLAY Animation: Cardiovascular System: Anatomy Review: Blood Vessel Structure & Function Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -2
Metarterioles Capillaries lack smooth muscle and elastic tissue reinforcement which facilitates exchange Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -3
Angiogenesis § New blood vessel development § Necessary for normal development § Wound healing and uterine lining growth § Controlled by cytokines § Mitogens: VEGF and FGF § Inhibit: angiostatin and endostatin § Coronary heart disease § Collateral circulation Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (a) Ventricular contraction Arterioles 1 2 3 1 Ventricle contracts. 3 2 Semilunar valve opens. Aorta and arteries expand store pressure in elastic walls. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 a
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (a) Ventricular contraction Arterioles 1 1 Ventricle contracts. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 a, step 1
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (a) Ventricular contraction Arterioles 1 2 1 Ventricle contracts. 2 Semilunar valve opens. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 a, steps 1– 2
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (a) Ventricular contraction Arterioles 1 2 3 1 Ventricle contracts. 3 2 Semilunar valve opens. Aorta and arteries expand store pressure in elastic walls. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 a, steps 1– 3
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (b) Ventricular relaxation 1 2 3 1 Isovolumic ventricular relaxation occurs. 3 2 Semilunar valve shuts, preventing flow back into ventricle. Elastic recoil of arteries sends blood forward into rest of circulatory system. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 b
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (b) Ventricular relaxation 1 1 Isovolumic ventricular relaxation occurs. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 b, step 1
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (b) Ventricular relaxation 1 2 1 Isovolumic ventricular relaxation occurs. 2 Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Semilunar valve shuts, preventing flow back into ventricle. Figure 15 -4 b, steps 1– 2
Elastic Recoil in Arteries (b) Ventricular relaxation 1 2 3 1 Isovolumic ventricular relaxation occurs. 3 2 Semilunar valve shuts, preventing flow back into ventricle. Elastic recoil of arteries sends blood forward into rest of circulatory system. Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -4 b, steps 1– 3
Review of Blood Flow Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Pressure throughout the Systemic Circulation Blood pressure is highest in the arteries and decreases continuously as it flows through the circulatory system Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -5
Blood Pressure § Pulse Pressure = systolic P – diastolic P § Valves ensure one-way flow in veins § MAP = diastolic P + 1/3(systolic P – diastolic P) PLAY Animation: Cardiovascular System: Measuring Blood Pressure Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -7
Blood Pressure Mean arterial pressure is a function of cardiac output and resistance in the arterioles Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -8
Blood Pressure Blood pressure control involves both the cardiovascular system and the renal system Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -9
Factors that Influence Mean Arterial Pressure PLAY Animation: Cardiovascular System: Factors That Affect Blood Pressure Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 15 -10
- Slides: 21