Power Point Lecture Slides prepared by Vince Austin
Power. Point® Lecture Slides prepared by Vince Austin, University of Kentucky The Muscular System Human Anatomy & Physiology, Sixth Edition Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings 10
Major Skeletal Muscles: Anterior View § The 40 superficial muscles here are divided into 10 regional areas of the body Figure 10. 4 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Major Skeletal Muscles: Posterior View § The 27 superficial muscles here are divided into seven regional areas of the body Figure 10. 5 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles: Name, and Action § Name and description of the muscle – be alert to information about the muscle given in the name § Origin and insertion – there is always a joint between the origin and insertion § Action – best learned by acting out a muscle’s movement on one’s own body Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Face Figure 10. 6 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of Mastication Figure 10. 7 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Anterior Neck and Throat Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 8 a
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Deeper Muscles of the Neck: Anterior Figure 10. 9 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Deeper Muscles of the Neck: Posterior Figure 10. 9 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Deep Back Muscles 1 8 2 3 7 6 5 4 Figure 10. 9 d Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of Respiration § The primary function of deep thoracic muscles is to promote movement for breathing § External intercostals – more superficial layer that lifts the rib cage and increases thoracic volume to allow inspiration Figure 10. 10 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of Respiration § Internal intercostals – deeper layer that aids in forced expiration § Diaphragm – most important muscle in inspiration Figure 10. 10 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of Respiration: The Diaphragm Figure 10. 10 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall 8 7 9 6 1 5 4 3 2 Figure 10. 11 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall Figure 10. 11 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Abdominal Wall Figure 10. 11 c Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles 9 1 2 8 7 3 4 5 6 Figure 10. 13 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles Figure 10. 13 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles Crossing the Shoulder 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Figure 10. 14 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles Crossing the Shoulder 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 14 d
Muscles Crossing the Shoulder Figure 10. 14 c Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles Crossing the Elbow Forearm extension § The triceps brachii is the prime mover of forearm extension Forearm flexion § Brachialis and biceps brachii are the chief forearm flexors § The brachioradialis acts as a synergist and helps stabilize the elbow Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Forearm § The two functional forearm muscle groups are: those that cause wrist movement, and those that move the fingers and the thumb § These muscles insert via strong ligaments called flexor retinacula and extensor retinacula § Anteriomedial compartment - flexors and pronators § Posterolateral compartment - extensors and supinator § The pronator teres and pronator quadratus are not flexors, but pronate the forearm § The supinator muscle is a synergist with the biceps brachii in supinating the forearm Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Forearm: Superficial Anterior Compartment § These muscles are primarily flexors of the wrist and fingers and pronators 4 3 5 2 1 6 8 7 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 15 a
Forearm: Deeper Anterior Compartment 1 2 6 3 4 Deep 5 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Deepest Figure 10. 15 b, c
Forearm: Superficial Posterior Compartment § These muscles are primarily extensors of the wrist and fingers 1 9 2 8 7 3 4 5 6 Figure 10. 16 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Forearm: Deep Posterior Compartment § These muscles are primarily extensors of the wrist and fingers and the supinator 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 10. 16 b Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles Crossing Hip and Knee Joints Anterior compartment (most) muscles of the hip and thigh flex the femur at the hip and extend the leg at the knee § Extend the leg (anterior compartment) Posterior compartment muscles of the hip and thigh extend the thigh and flex the leg § Flex and extend the thigh (posterior compartment) Medial compartment muscles all adduct the thigh § Adduct the thigh (medial compartment) § These three groups are enclosed by the fascia lata Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Movements of the Thigh at the Hip: Flexion and Extension § The most important thigh flexors are the iliopsoas (prime mover), tensor fasciae latae, and rectus femoris § The medially located adductor muscles and sartorius assist in flexion Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Movements of the Thigh at the Hip: Flexion and Extension § Thigh extension is primarily effected by the hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus) § Forceful extension is aided by the gluteus maximus Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
1 2 3 4 5 10 6 11 7 12 8 9 Figure 10. 19 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Movements of the Thigh at the Hip: Other Movements § Abduction and rotation are effected by the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, and are antagonized by the lateral rotators § Thigh adduction is the role of five adductor muscles (adductor magnus, adductor longus, and adductor brevis; the pectineus, and the gracilis) Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
1 2 * * 3 4 5 6 Figure 10. 20 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Movements of the Thigh at the Hip: Other Movements 1 2 7 4 8 5 6 9 3 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 20 b
Movements: Knee Joint § sole extensor of the knee § quadriceps femoris § flex the knee, and are antagonists to the quadriceps femoris § hamstrings Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 19 a
Muscles of the Anterior Compartment 1 primary toe extensors and ankle dorsiflexors 2 3 § tibialis anterior § extensor digitorum longus § extensor hallucis longus § fibularis (peroneus) tertius 4 5 6 7 Figure 10. 21 a Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Anterior Compartment ISOLATED Figure 10. 21 b-d Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Lateral Compartment 1 2 plantar flex and evert the foot 3 § fibularis longus 4 § fibularis brevis 5 6 8 7 9 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 22 a
Muscles of the Lateral Compartment - ISOLATED Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 22 b, c
Muscles of the Posterior Compartment 1 primarily flex the foot and the toes § § § gastrocnemius soleus tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus 2 3 4 Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 10. 23 a
Muscles of the Posterior Compartment - DEEP 1 2 Deep 3 4 5 6 Figure 10. 23 b, c Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Posterior Compartment - DEEPEST * * * 1 2 3 Deepest 4 7 5 6 Figure 10. 23 b, c Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Muscles of the Posterior Compartment - ISOLATED Figure 10. 23 d-f Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
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