Power Point Lecture Slide Presentation Chapter 6 Nutrition

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics I. Introduction A. Optimal nutrition for fitness

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics II. Nutrition and Training A. Goals of

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 4. To promote recovery from training sessions

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health |

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics B. Kilocalories 1. The most obvious distinction

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics C. Carbohydrate – important facts: - The

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 1. Glycemic Index - A measure that

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 2. Glycogen Resynthesis 5 -6% per hour

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 3. Glycogen Sources a. Sports drinks b.

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics D. Protein US RDA of protein -

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics Do athletes need more protein? 1. Resistance

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics E. Fat - Major fuel for exercise

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics F. Vitamins - Organic substances of plant

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics G. Minerals - Elements not of animal

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics III. Nutrition Competition Goals for optimal competitive

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 4. To achieve desired weight classifications while

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics A. Carbohydrate Loading (Glycogen Supercompensation) - A

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics B. Pre-Event Meal C. Feeding during Exercise

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics IV. Eating Disorders A. Definitions Anorexia Nervosa

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics Anorexia Athletica - An eating disorder occurring

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics B. Risk factors 1. Dieting at an

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics C. Consequences D. Prevention and Treatment Copyright

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Power. Point® Lecture Slide Presentation Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness, and Performance Fourth Edition Denise L. Smith • Sharon A. Plowman Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics I. Introduction A. Optimal nutrition for fitness and athletics relates to 2 distinct situations 1. Training 2. Competition Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics II. Nutrition and Training A. Goals of optimal training diet 1. To provide caloric and nutrient requirements 2. To incorporate nutritional practices that promote good health 3. To achieve and maintain optimal body composition and playing weight Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 4. To promote recovery from training sessions and physiological adaptations 5. To try variations of precompetition and competition fuel and fluid intake to determine the body’s responses Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics B. Kilocalories 1. The most obvious distinction between active and inactive individuals is the number of calories required per day 2. Everyone needs sufficient calories to support daily needs, and children need adequate calories for growth 3. Athletes may consume between as many as 9, 000 -11, 000 kcal. day Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics C. Carbohydrate – important facts: - The higher the intensity of exercise, the more important glycogen is as a fuel - Training increases the ability to store carbohydrate and to spare carbohydrate - Fatigue, “hitting the wall, ” and exhaustion are tied to glycogen depletion during high intensity, long-duration activity Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 1. Glycemic Index - A measure that compares the elevation in blood glucose caused by the ingestion of 50 g of any CHO food with the elevations caused by 50 g of white bread Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics D. Protein US RDA of protein - Adults = 0. 8 g • kg-1 - Ages 7 -10 yr = 1. 2 g • kg-1 - Ages 11 -14 yr = 1. 0 g • kg-1 - Ages 15 -18 yr = 0. 9 g • kg-1 Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics Do athletes need more protein? 1. Resistance training - 1. 2 -2. 0 g • kg • day - 15% of total calories 2. Endurance training - 1. 2 -1. 4 g • kg-1 • day Sports Anemia - A transient decrease in red blood cells and hemoglobin Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics F. Vitamins - Organic substances of plant or animal origin which are essential for normal growth, development, metabolic processes and energy transformations No evidence that supplementation is beneficial in adequately nourished individuals Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics G. Minerals - Elements not of animal or plant origin which are essential constituents of all cells and of many functions in the body 1. Microminerals 2. Macrominerals Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics III. Nutrition Competition Goals for optimal competitive diet 1. To ensure adequate fuel supplies in the pre-event time span 2. To ensure adequate fuel supplies during the event, no matter what the event 3. To facilitate temperature regulation by preventing dehydration Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics 4. To achieve desired weight classifications while maintaining fuel and water supplies 5. To avoid gastrointestinal discomfort during competition Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics A. Carbohydrate Loading (Glycogen Supercompensation) - A process of nutritional modification that results in an additional storage of glycogen in muscle fiber that can be approxi-mately 3 to 4 times the normal levels Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics B. Pre-Event Meal C. Feeding during Exercise - to maintain blood glucose levels and prevent fatigue D. Fluid Ingestion during and after Exercise Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics IV. Eating Disorders A. Definitions Anorexia Nervosa - An eating disorder characterized by marked self-induced weight loss accompanied by an intense fear of fatness and reproductive hormonal changes Bulimia Nervosa - An eating disorder marked by an unrealistic appraisal of body weight and/or shape that is manifested altering bingeing and purging behavior Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics Anorexia Athletica - An eating disorder occurring primarily in young, female athletes that is characterized by a food intake less than that required to support the training regimen and by body weight no more than 95% of normal Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 6 Nutrition for Fitness and Athletics B. Risk factors 1. Dieting at an early age 2. Unsupervised dieting 3. Lack of acceptance of pubertal changes 4. Early sport-specific training 5. A large increase in training volume accompanied by a significant weight loss 6. Traumatic events Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins