Power Point Lecture Slide Presentation by Robert J

Power. Point® Lecture Slide Presentation by Robert J. Sullivan, Marist College Human Biology Concepts and Current Issues Second Edition MICHAEL D. JOHNSON CHAPTER 20 DNA TECHNOLOGY AND GENETIC ENGINEERING Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

DNA Sequencing Figure 20. 1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

DNA Sequencing: DNA Structure • Primers • DNA Polymerase Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Gel Electrophoresis Figure 20. 2 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Recombinant DNA Technique Figure 20. 3 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Laboratory Modified DNA • Recombinant DNA: Cutting, Splicing, Copying DNA • Restriction Enzymes • DNA Ligases • Plasmids Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Figure 20. 4 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Genetic Engineering: Transgenic Organisms • Transgenic Bacterial Uses • Insulin • Human Growth Hormone • Erythropoeitin • Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t. PA) • Vaccines Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Genetic Engineering: Transgenic Organisms • Transgenic Plants • Increased resistance to freezing • Longer shelf life • Increased Vitamin A • Edible Vaccines • Human Proteins, i. e. , albumin Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Transgenic Plants • Concerns • “Frankenfoods” • Plant disease susceptibility Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Transgenic Animals • Bigger challenges • No plasmid use • Cloning more difficult • Successes • Bovine growth hormone for faster animal growth • “gene farming” Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Genetic Map Figure 20. 1 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Genetic Map Figure 20. 10. 2 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Gene Therapy: Hope of the Future • Obstacles • Transplant into “right” cells • Into reproductive cells? Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Vectors Transfer Genes to Human Cells Figure 20. 11 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Vectors Transfer Genes to Human Cells • Retroviruses • Liposomes • Direct DNA injection Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Gene Therapy Successes • Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) Success • Cystic Fibrosis • Cancer Research Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings.