Power Point Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty BostwickTaylor
Power. Point® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College The Skeletal System Review PPTs a, b, c 5 PART A Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review § Two subdivisions of the skeleton § Axial skeleton § Appendicular skeleton § Functions of the skeleton § Support the body § Protect soft organs § Allow movement due to attached skeletal muscles § Store minerals and fats § Blood cell formation Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review § The adult skeleton has 206 bones § Two basic types of bone tissue § Compact bone § Spongy bone Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review Figure 5. 1 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review § Diaphysis § Epiphysis § Periosteum § Sharpey’s fibers § Arteries § Articular cartilage § Epiphyseal plate § Epiphyseal line § Medullary cavity Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review - Bone Markings § Surface features of bones § Sites of attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments § Passages for nerves and blood vessels § Categories of bone markings § Projections § Depressions or cavities Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review § Osteon (Haversian system) § Central (Haversian) canal § Perforating (Volkman’s) canal § Lacunae § Lamellae § Canaliculi Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review - Formation of the Human Skeleton § In embryos, the skeleton is primarily hyaline cartilage, which is then replaced by bone § Bones are lengthened until growth stops and constantly remodeled in response to two factors § Blood calcium levels § Pull of gravity and muscles on the skeleton § Bones also grow in width (called appositional growth) Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review - Long Bone Formation and Growth Articular cartilage Hyaline cartilage Spongy bone New center of bone growth New bone forming Epiphyseal plate cartilage Growth in bone width Medullary cavity Bone starting to replace cartilage Growth in bone length Bone collar Hyaline cartilage model In an embryo Blood vessels New bone forming Epiphyseal plate cartilage In a fetus In a child (a) Figure 5. 4 a, step 3 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review - Common Types of Fractures Table 5. 2 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Review - Healing of a Bone Fracture Hematoma Internal callus (fibrous tissue and cartilage) External callus Bony callus of spongy bone New blood vessels Healed fracture Spongy bone trabecula Hematoma formation Fibrocartilage callus formation Bony callus formation Bone remodeling Figure 5. 5, step 4 Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The End Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Benjamin Cummings
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