POWER ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS DEVICES AND APPLICATIONS Eng Mohammed

POWER ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS Eng. Mohammed Alsumady

Relationship of Power Electronics 11/2/2020 2

POWER ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY • As the technology for the power semiconductor devices and integrated circuit develops, the potential for applications of power electronics become wider. There already many power semiconductor devices that are commercially available, however, the development in this direction is continuing. • The power semiconductor devices or power electronic converter fall generally into four categories : -AC to DC Converter (Controlled Rectifier) -DC to DC Converter (DC Chopper) -AC to AC Converter (AC voltage regulator) -DC to AC Converter (Inverter) • The design of power electronics converter circuits requires design the power and control circuits. The voltage and current harmonics that are generated by the power converters can be reduced or minimized with a proper choice of the control strategy.

Power Electronics Application • Power Electronics defined as the application of solidstate (devices) electronics for the control and conversion of electric power. • Power electronics have already found an important place in modern technology and are now used in a great variety of high-power product, including heat controls, light controls, electric motor control, power supplies, vehicle propulsion system and high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems.

POWER ELECTRONIC SWITCHING DEVICES 1. Uncontrolled turn on and off (Power Diode) 2. Controlled turn on uncontrolled turn off (Thyristors) 3. Controlled turn on and off characteristic (Power Transistor, BJT, MOSFET, GTO, IGBT) 4. Continuous gate signal requirement (BJT, MOSFET, IGBT) 5. Pulse gate requirement (SCR(Silicon-Controlled Rectifier) , GTO) 6. Bidirectional current capability (TRIAC) 7. Undirectionalcurrent capability (SCR, GTO, BJT, MOSFET, IGBT)

Diagram Block of Converters

• Diode Rectifiers. A diode rectifier circuit converts AC voltage into a fixed DC voltage. The input voltage to rectifier could be either single phase or three phase. • AC to DC Converters. An AC to DC converter circuit can convert AC voltage into a DC voltage. The DC output voltage can be controlled by varying the firing angle of the thyristors. The AC input voltage could be a single phase or three phase. • AC to AC Converters. This converters can convert from a fixed ac input voltage into variable AC output voltage. The output voltage is controlled by varying firing angle of TRIAC. These type converters are known as AC voltage regulators. • DC to DC Converters. These converters can converte a fixed DC input voltage into variable DC voltage or vice versa. The DC output voltage is controlled by varying of duty cycle.

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Examples of Some Applications 11/2/2020 28

History of Power Electronics 11/2/2020 29

Types of Power Devices 11/2/2020 30

General Purposes Diodes 11/2/2020 31

Thyristors 11/2/2020 32

GTOs 11/2/2020 33

Power Ratings of Devices 11/2/2020 34

Ratings of Power Devices 11/2/2020 35

Devices Symbols and Characteristics 11/2/2020 36

Devices Symbols and Characteristics 11/2/2020 37

Applications of Power Devices 11/2/2020 38

Control Characteristics of Devices 11/2/2020 39

Control Characteristics of Devices 11/2/2020 40

Switching Characteristics 11/2/2020 41

Ideal Characteristics 11/2/2020 42

Voltage and Current Waveforms 11/2/2020 43

Diode Rectifiers 11/2/2020 44

Ac-dc Converter • AC to DC Converters -Single phase, half wave AC to DC converter Input voltage Output average voltage : rms value of Output voltage : Waveform of single-phase, half wave AC to DC converter α

AC-DC Converter 46

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1. AC to DC Converters -Single phase, Full wave AC to DC converter The average output voltage can be found from : 11/2/2020 48

AC to DC Converters Single phase, Full wave AC to DC converter 11/2/2020 49

3 Phase Half-Wave Uncontrolled Rectifier with Inductive Load 11/2/2020 50

3 Phase Half-Wave Uncontrolled Rectifier with Inductive Load 11/2/2020 51

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Three Phase Controlled Rectifier with Resistive Load 11/2/2020 53

Three Phase Controlled Rectifier with Inductive Load 11/2/2020 54

3 Phase Half-Wave Controlled Rectifier With Inductive Load 11/2/2020 55

AC to DC Converters -Three-phase, Half wave AC to DC converter with inductive load If the phase voltage is : van= Vm Sin(wt). The average output voltage for a continuous load current is : 11/2/2020 56

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AC to DC Converters -Three-phase, Half wave AC to DC converter 11/2/2020 58

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AC-AC Converter 11/2/2020 86

IGBT in DC-DC Converter 11/2/2020 87

DC-AC Converter 11/2/2020 88

UPS System 11/2/2020 89

RMS Values of Waveforms 11/2/2020 90

RMS Values of Waveforms 11/2/2020 91

Power Converter System 11/2/2020 92

Drive System 11/2/2020 93

Smart Power System 11/2/2020 94

Summary • Power electronics uses low power electronics (ICs, microprocessors, controllers ), and switching power devices for power converter and/or processing from one form of power to another. • The characteristics of the power devices play a major role in the speed and effectiveness of the power conversion. 11/2/2020 95