Power Association of Northern California Proprietary and Strictly

Power Association of Northern California Proprietary and Strictly Confidential May 2009 CURRENT Group, LLC • 20420 Century Boulevard • Germantown, MD 20874 • +1. 301. 944. 2700 • www. currentgroup. com

Why is Smart Grid Needed Now? Growth of renewables and distributed generation Dynamics that could have a huge effect on a utility's ability to deliver reliable power at a reasonable price Distribution systems are inefficient – Huge amounts of energy are wasted in line losses and an inefficient system (5%) Aging infrastructure that will impact the reliability of power as well as inevitable rising costs Generation shortfalls as demand growth well exceeds new generation The need for infrastructure to support dispatchable demand response

What Does Smart Grid Mean? Distribution Management Enterprise Not Silo Systems Paradigm shift: Data and Communicati ons Maximizing Renewables Utility distribution systems have been operated as static “as built” systems With the growth of dynamic generation sources and the needs of the Smart Grid the distribution system will need to be dynamically managed. Dynamically controlling a complex distribution system will require new tools and systems. Utilities have generally deployed silo systems Smart Grid is about an enterprise platform. All departments sharing data and analytics. Actionable intelligence needs to be integrated between IT systems and within the business processes. Need higher speed enterprise communications and Smart Grid opens Pandora’s Box of Data Huge quantities of otherwise untapped data will be available. Up till now utilities focused on SCADA data. The ability to collect, store and provide data independent analytics will be required. System designed to address dynamic renewable generation Minimize costs and waste to allow for renewables 3

Solid Engineering Solutions are Available Voltage Control Load Balancing Advanced Load Control Real Time Asset Analysis § Reduce energy and carbon by precise dynamic voltage control § Many studies have shown a 1% drop in voltage results in a close. 8% drop in energy demand § Reduce losses (I 2 R) due to unbalanced feeders (3 phase) and circuits § Reduce carbon, energy and costs by integrating load control functions (voltage, DR, DG, etc. ) into a single efficient solution § Reduce maintenance and capital costs, improve reliability, improve system capacity § Supports CBM, dynamic rating, loss of life and replacement programs 4

Smart Grid Solutions COMMUNICATIONS & SENSING INFRASTRUCTURE & DATA MANAGEMENT ANALYTICS & CONTROL SYSTEMS COMM / SENSING GATEWAYS BACKHAUL GATEWAYS OPENGRIDTM PLATFORM SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT CUSTOMER ENERGY MANAGEMENT

Infrastructure and Data Management Open. Grid Architecture Overview GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT OPTIMIZATION CUSTOMER ENERGY MANAGEMENT SERVICES MANAGEMENT INTERFACE DEVICE DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM “Smart Comms” • DNP 3 • IEC 61850 • IP • SNMP Secure & Encrypted • • Latency Parameters “Beyond” SCADA Data Equipment Status Updates Sensor Inventory & Management • Measurement Data • Provisioning & Network Monitoring • Alarms & Triggers NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Cellular Meters PHEV DSL Wi. Max Fiber Cap Banks RTUs Reclosers Tap Changers Cable IEDs Sensors BPL Distribution Transformer Switches UTILITY INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENTS GEOSPATIAL DATA MODEL ANALYTICS • • • Asset Properties SCADA OMS Device Status Historical Load Data Operational Data MDMS OMS GIS Data Historian Billing/ Metering SCADA Work & Asset Mgmt Corp Service ERP/BI UTILITY ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS “Smart Integration” • IEC 61968/61970 – CIM • ICCP, OPC • OGC GML • NRECA Multi. Speak • ANSI C 12. 19 • Web Services (SOAP) Middleware Neutral

System Optimization §Products that maximize the efficiency of the electricity flow from the utility to the customer. Volt/Var Control Phase Load Balancing Power factor optimization through integrated control of capacitor banks Identification of load imbalance sections in feeders and recommendations to remedy imbalances for loading conditions and seasons Dynamic Voltage Optimization Voltage optimization through control of the substation Load Tap Changer Controllers based on real -time voltage measurements throughout the feeder §Benefits • Immediate savings by all rate payers • Deferred spend on generation through the lowering of overall power requirements by up to 5% • Reduced carbon emissions through the efficiency based reduction of overall power generation

Smart. Grid. City – Boulder, Colorado TM Collaborating to Build the Next Generation Utility “The fundamental component for making the smart grid work will be a robust and dynamic communications network; providing the utility the ability for real-time, two-way communications throughout the grid and enabling interaction with each component from fuel source to end use” (Xcel Smart Grid White Paper) 8

Smart Grid Operational Impact - Xcel § Using the CURRENT portfolio, Xcel has found numerous issues on its grid • Customers back-feeding the grid • Broken and loose neutrals • Transformer failures § Xcel is operationally changing their behavior • CEO of Xcel and President of PSCO pushed mobile version to field crews • Field crews liked it so much they have asked when more feeders will have this capability § Mental and fiscal shift from reactionary to preventative O&M • Area manager shifting budget from trouble shooting to preventative TM Smart. Grid. City Consortium 9

Helping Xcel Realize its Smart Grid City Objectives Xcel Objective Measurement CURRENT Smart Grid Impact Improving Customer Satisfaction by reducing customer minutes out of service Reduce SAIDI by 10% Distribution Automation Analysis & Reporting of: § Incipient transformer failure § Secondary neutral failure § Voltage exceptions § Transformer Overload § Underground remote fault detection § Outage notification & restoration Empowering Customers to Reduce Electricity Usage Decrease usage by 2. 5% § § § 2 -way thermostat control Demand response portals Meter consumption reporting Reduce Service and Billing Expense, Increase Revenue Assurance Up to 50% annually § § § Call center meter pings Automated meter reading Proactive maintenance (reduced O&M) Decrease System Losses Reduce CO 2 emissions up to 500, 000 tons annually System Optimization § Conservation voltage reduction § Volt/Var Control § Phase Load Balancing Asset Optimization Reduce capital investment and distribution/substation maintenance up to $32 mil annually § § Develop a Smart Grid City Consortium Framework Seamless integration of applications and business process Open Grid. TM Platform Develop a Regulatory Framework to Recover Smart Grid Investment TBD Smart Grid Value Model Substation monitoring Targeted asset replacement (system reports) 10

Smart Grid Operational Impact - Oncor Examples of items detected by a Smart Grid: Smart Grid Solutions: ● 24 x 7 real-time distribution network monitoring in use ● Dispatching work crews to repair problems detected by CURRENT Smart Grid. TM ● Underground fault detection installed ● Successful distribution automation switching trial Ø 94% of the incidents detected avoided customer complaints Ø 54% of the incidents detected avoided outages “Issues are often resolved before consumers even realize that there was a problem” Oncor Press Release 11

Conclusion §True Smart grid projects can be proposed for stimulus money. No need to dust off old projects. §Smart Grid benefits both the consumer and utility • Consumers get lower cost, cleaner more reliable energy • Utilities get reduced operating costs, lower generation costs, and a more reliable and efficient distribution system.