Postwar Havoc Chapter 19 Section 1 US 36

Postwar Havoc Chapter 19 Section 1 US. 36 Analyze the attacks on civil liberties and racial and ethnic tensions, including the Palmer Raids, the immigration quota acts of the 1920’s, the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, the efforts of Ida B. Wells and Randolph Miller, the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti, the emergence of Garveyism, and the rise of the NAACP.

Morning Work 2016 �WRITE September 8, QUESTIONS 1. What was League of Nations? 2. What is selfdetermination? �Morning Work �Library Research (45 minutes) �Lecture: Postwar Havoc �Lecture: Harding and Coolidge Presidencies

Morning Work September 8, 2016 � Morning Work � WRITE QUESTIONS � Lecture: Postwar Havoc � What was the League of � Primary Source: Palmer Nations? Raids � What were reparations? � Lecture: Harding and Coolidge Presidencies 3 rd/4 th Period Agenda

Communism vs. Socialism �Communism: all the people/workers will own all the ways of making $-all the land, all the machines, and all the stores (there will be no private businesses) �Socialism- you’re on the way to communism ◦ Signs: govn’t owning major private businesses, govn’t owning major public services, and laws that make rich people contribute more taxes

The Red Scare � The Bolsheviks took over Russia during WWI � 5 yrs later- Russia became the Soviet Union. � Bolsheviks wanted communism◦ Economic system w/o economic classes or private property � Soviets called for the overthrow of capitalism.

America’s Reaction �Americans had a new target: the Reds �Communist parties formed in the U. S. �Red Scare- widespread fear of communism

Palmer Raids � 1919: bombs were mailed to govn’t officials ◦ Bomb was mailed to the US Attorney General- A. Mitchell Palmer ◦ Palmer blamed Communists � Palmer Raids ◦ Govn’t attacks on suspected radicals in the US ◦ Raids sometimes led to deportation of aliens

Limiting Immigration �Rise of nativism =clash b/w the country’s earliest immigrants/its newer ones �New immigrants- Catholics/Jews ◦ Nativists argued these groups were less wiling to become “Americanized. ”

Reactions to Immigration Government Ku Klux Klan • A 1921 law est. a quota of immigrants allowed into the U. S. from various nations. • The Klan’s terror group began to target Jews, Catholics, and radicals. • National Origins Act of 1924 set quotas for each country a 2% of the number of people from that country currently living in the U. S. • The Klan moved from the South to other parts of the country.

Sacco and Vanzetti � Nicola and Sacco/Bartolomeo Vanzetti were arrested for armed robbery and murder. � 2 men were Italian immigrants/anarchist s � The 2 men were convicted and sentenced to death

Election of 1920 �Election of 1920 ◦ Republican nominee: Warren Harding �“Return to normalcy” ◦ Democratic nominee: James Cox ◦ Harding won

Harding’s Policies �“Less govn’t in business/more business in govn’t” �Sought to cut the federal budget /reduce taxes for the wealthy. �Fordney-Mc. Cumber Tariff ◦ raised the cost of foreign farm products.

Ohio Gang and Teapot Dome � Ohio Gang �Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall and the Teapot Dome. �Accepting bribes to allow oil companies to drill federal reserves on gov’t land called Teapot Dome in Wyoming Secretary of Interior

Teapot Dome Scandal

Harding’s Death

The Coolidge Presidency � Thought business helped society, and govn’t should be limited. � Lowered taxes and reduced federal spending � Would not help farmers or war veterans.

Labor Strife Grows �The sinking postwar demand for factory goods hurt many industries. �Returning soldiers expected jobs that weren’t there.

Major Strikes � 4 million workers took part in over 3, 000 strikes nationwide. �Seattle, Washington ◦ Became the nation’s 1 st general strike ◦ Strike failed �Boston ◦ The police force went on strike ◦ Gov. Calvin Coolidge called in the militia