Postharvest Technologies to Maintain Grain and Seed Quality

Post-harvest Technologies to Maintain Grain and Seed Quality Dieudonne Baributsa Purdue University Regional Knowledge Sharing Meeting Washington, DC November 13 – 15, 2012

Cowpea Production and Trade Callosobruchus maculatus Source: Langyintuo et al. , 2003 - Adapted dry climate and cash crop - Rich in protein- 23% - 3. 7 MT produced yearly-Global - 70% of world production in WCA - Over 500, 000 MT traded annually Time Population Initial 5 Insects 1 months 500 2 months 25, 000 4 months 1, 250, 000

Pest control methods

Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6 CO 2 + 6 H 20

Approach to Extension/Outreach • • • Village training- demonstrations Market demonstrations FBO and Women groups training Cowpea traders and processors Media- Radio, TV, posters, etc. e llp e C n ho Village Film

Extension/Outreach achievements Ø Target 28, 778 villages Ø Reached 30, 995 villages by Dec 2011 Ø More than 500 Market demonstrations Ø Over 150, 000 households tested bag

Approach to PICS bags Supply Chain Manufacturers Distributors/ wholesalers Semi-wholesalers/ Vendors Retailers/ Roaming vendors - Commercial radio messages support vendors - PICS business consultant help vendors improve sales

Achievement Supply Chain From July 2007 - Jan 2012 1, 820, 000 triple layer bags Roughly 1000 vendors Poor harvest 2011 season

Quick adoption…. … Profitable Storage Margin: Mali. Price of the PICS bag in Mali~ $2. 30

Impact - Zinder- Niger, 2010 Ejura- Ghana, 2010 Increase their income Avoid health hazard Improve food security Improve nutrition Maradi- Niger, 2010

Key constraints to adoption of triple layer bags

Partnership improves Availability of Postharvest Technologies CRS- Purdue in Niger, 2011 Challenges S. Chain: • Weak legal system • Limited capital =>Strengthening social relations More partnership needed!

Research on other Crops- Underway: 1. Does PICS bagging stop the insect problem? 2. Is grain moisture a problem? 3. Will seed stored in PICS bags germinate? 4. Are processing, cooking time, etc. affected? 5. Would PICS intervention be economical?

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Acknowledgments: Gates Foundation and all partners Dieudonne Baributsa, Ph. D Purdue University Email: baributs@purdue. edu Web: http: //www. entm. purdue. edu/PICS 2 Website : www. ag. purdue. edu/ipia/pics