Population Standard of Living Understanding the basic terms

Population & Standard of Living Understanding the basic terms

Demography • The science of social statistics, like of the births, deaths, diseases, marriages, etc. , of populations.

Population • The total number of people living in a given area • https: //www. census. gov/popclock/

Population Density • A measure of the number of people living in a given area

World population density from 3000 BC to 2000 AD

Population Distribution • The spread of people living in a given area • How the population of an area is arranged according to variables such as age, race, or sex • People do not like to live in places that are too hot, too cold, too wet, too dry • Population density is very low in these areas or very high in areas

GNP • Gross National Product • The total monetary value of all final goods and services produced in a country during one year PLUS income earned by its citizens abroad, minus income earned by foreigners from domestic production

GDP • The value of all goods and services produced within a country in a single year • United States GDP $18. 04 trillion (2015 est. ) country comparison to the world: 3 • Djibouti GDP $3. 1 billion (2015 est. ) country comparison to the world: 186

GDP/capita • Measure of the total output of a country that takes the gross domestic product ( GDP) and divides it by the number of people in the country • So let’s practice… Country of Ettoffer: GDP: $756, 487 per year Population: 246 GDP/capita = $3075. 15

GDP/capita • Djibouti GDP/capita $3, 200 (201 est. ) country comparison to the world: 188 US GDP/capita $56, 100 (2015 est. ) country comparison to the world: 19

Miniature Earth • NEW (updated 2010) http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=r 6 e. Tr 4 ld. DYg

Standard of Living • The level of wealth, comfort, material goods and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area

Life expectancy • The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year To use the life expectancy table: Find your age in the column below, then look to the appropriate gender column on the right to find the additional number of years you may expect to live. It is important to note that one-half of individuals can expect to live beyond their life expectancy and one-half will not live to that age. Life Expectancy Using the RP-2000 Combined Healthy Mortality Table Projected to 2011* Age Male Female 18 62 65 65 18 20 19 61 64 66 17 19 20 60 63 67 16 18 21 59 62 68 15 17 22 58 61 69 14 17 23 57 60 70 14 16 24 56 59 71 13 15 25 55 58 72 12 15

Life Expectancy Djibouti total population: 62. 57 years country comparison 188 male: 59. 15 years female: 64. 07 years US total population 79. 68 country comparison 43 male: 77. 05 years female 81. 05 years

Literacy Rate • the ability to read and write US definition: age 15 and over can read & write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% Djibouti definition: age 15 and over can read & write total population: 67. 9% male: 78% female: 58. 4%

Birthrate • The annual number of births per 1, 000 people • The birth rate is usually the dominant factor in determining the rate of population growth. It depends on both the level of fertility and the age structure of the population (lots of young people)

Birth Rate United States: 12. 49 births/1, 000 population country comparison to the world: 154 Djibouti: 23. 65 births/1, 000 population country comparison to the world: 64

Death rate • The annual number of deaths per 1, 000 people • The death rate accurately indicates the current mortality impact on population growth. This indicator is significantly affected by age distribution, and most countries will eventually show a rise in the overall death rate

Death Rate • Djibouti Death Rate 7. 73 deaths/1, 000 population (July 2012 est. ) country comparison to the world: 105 • US Death Rates 8. 15 deaths/1, 000 population (July 2012 est. ) country comparison to the world: 93

Rate of Natural Increase The birth rate minus the death rate of a population

Migration • The movement of people from one place to live in another US: 3. 86 migrant /1, 000 population country comparison to the world: 34 Djibouti: 6. 02 migrant/1, 000 population country comparison to the world: 20

Human Capital • Economic value of an employee's skill set • The collection of competencies, knowledge, social and personality skills includes creativity in the ability to perform work so as to produce economic value • Understanding that not all labor is equal • The quality of employees can be improved by investing in them • The education, experience and abilities of an employee have an economic value for employers and for the economy as a whole.

Helpful spillover • An economic advantage coming from an unpredicted source • Example: A helpful "spillover" might be education. We all are better off if we have an educated workforce • Example: Government support of public education

Harmful spillover • An economic disadvantage coming from an unpredicted source • A harmful "spillover" might be air or water pollution from production of a product. Even those who do not consume the product are hurt by pollution. • Example: Government taxing or regulating pollution