POPULATION CENSUSES IN TURKEY Meryem DEMIRCI State Institute

POPULATION CENSUSES IN TURKEY Meryem DEMIRCI, State Institute of Statistics, July 2005

Agenda • Census Characteristics • Census Variables

Census Agency State Institute of Statistics Prime Ministry Republic of Turkey Other Agencies Ø General Directorate of Population and Citizenship Affair, Ministry of Interior, Ø Governor of provinces and districts, Ø Civil registration offices in province and districts, Ø Municipalities

History • The first population census was carried out in 1927 • The second population census was carried out in 1935 • The next population censuses were carried out regularly, in the years ending with 0 and 5

History • After 1990, population censuses are going to be carried out in the years ending with 0 by a law • The fourteenth population census was carried out on 22 nd October 2000

Definition of Population Includes all the population within the boundaries of Turkey on the census day. – Persons who reside in Turkey but who were abroad on the census day were excluded. – Persons who reside abroad but who were in Turkey on the census day were included.

• Census type: De facto • Enumeration unit: Person • Respondent: Individual • Coverage: 100 %

Field work period Completed in one day by declaring a national curfew on 22 nd October 2000 between hours 08: 00 and 17: 00 Enumeration Forms Used • The household questionnaire form • Each household questionnaire contains two sections; – Dwelling characteristics, – Personal characteristics for 7 persons.

Type of Field work The enumerators have visited all the places that – constitute a household and – do not constitute a household (dormitories, military quarters, prisons, hospitals, hotels, etc. ) and filled in the questionnaires by face to face interview

Unit Definitions Dwelling Unit allocated for residence such as a detached house, an apartment or a lodgement (an official dwelling)

Unit Definitions Household One person or group of persons with or without a family relationship who § live in the same house or in the same part of a house, § share their earnings and expenditures, § take part in the management of the household and § render services to the household

Unit Definitions Unsettled Population The nomadic and tent population within the boundaries of settlements had been determined just before the census and was enumerated on the census day

(000) 1985 1990 2000 50. 664 56. 473 67. 804 Number of households 9. 730 11. 189 15. 070 Population counted in the households 48. 171 53. 292 64. 170 Population counted as individual 2. 493 3. 181 3. 634 Population

Census Variables Reference date for census Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 s Fall 04 20 October 21 October 22 October

Person Variables Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Geography and internal migration Place of usual residence (Region/Major/Minor administrative division) X X X 1 X 2 X Locality (size of place, rural/urban) X X X Place of enumeration O X X 1: Only province 2 : Province and district

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Geography and internal migration Place of birth X X X Place of birth of parents O . . Duration of residence O X . . . Place of previous residence O X . . . X 5 years prior Place of residence at a specified date in the past 1 year prior 5 5 years prior

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Household and family structure Relationship to head of household (reference person) X X X Person filling in questionnaire . . . Position of mother/father in household . X . . . Position of spouse in household . X . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Household and family structure Person absent in country/abroad . . . Reason for absence . . . Duration of absence . . . Legal residence: here; other locality, country . . . Inmate of institutional or communal establishment O X . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Demographic and social Sex X X X Age (derived from birth date) X X X 3 X 3 Marital Status X X X De facto marital status O X . . . Age/Date of first marriage O X . . . Duration of current marital status . . . Date of divorce . . . 3: Completed Age

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Demographic and social Current marriage of evermarried women (times married) O X . . . Citizenship X X X Religion O X . . . Race . . . Language O X . . . National and/or ethnic group O X . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Fertility and mortality Children ever born (? ) . X X Children born alive O X X Children surviving . X X Date of birth of last child born alive . X 4 X Deaths in the past 12 months . X Maternal or paternal orphanhood . X . . . Duration of first marriage X X . . . 4: In the last two years

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Education Literacy O X X School attendance O X . . . Type of school attending (public/private) . . . Location of school, university, etc. O . . Travel mode . . . Travel duration . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Educational attainment X X X Age at graduation or years of schooling . X . . . Type of school graduated (public/private) . . . Field of study O X . . . Field of educational qualification O X . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Economics Activity status--current (reference period = 1 week) X X X Activity status--usual (reference period = 1 year) O . . Non-paid social or personal services O . . Time worked X X . . . Duration of employment O . . Unemployment: duration . . . Unemployment benefits . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Economics Occupation--usual and/or current X X X Industry--usual and/or current X X X Socio-economic status in employment . . . Status in employment X X X Usual status in employment . . . Number of persons working in the local unit of the establishment O . . Secondary occupation O . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Economics Total income O X . . . Earned income (wages and salary) . . . Capital income (dividends, interest, rent) . . . Retirement income/pension . . . Social security income (maternity, home care, disability) O X . . . Main source of livelihood O . . Dependency relationship O . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Economics Institutional sector of employment O X . . . Tenure status . . . Type of pension . . . Housework: no. of hours . . . Union membership . . . Union dues . . . Union benefits . . . Place of work X X . . . Mode of transport to work O . . Length and frequency of journey to work O . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 International Migration Country of birth X X X Reason for immigrating . . X 5 Country of citizenship X X X Second citizenship . . . Citizenship acquisition O . . Year or period of arrival O X . . . 5: For persons immigrated within 5 years

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Disability X X X . X Cause of disability X X X . .

Dwelling Variables Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Living quarters Living space (spacious to cramped) . . . Ownership X X X Type X X . . . Location X X X Occupancy status (type of vacancy) X X . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Living quarters Number of occupants X X X Number of households X X . . . Number of rooms X X X . X Kitchen type . X Useful and/or living floor space X . . Commercial/professional rooms . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Building Type with regard to construction/use X . . Period of Construction X . . Position of dwelling in the building O . . Number of floors O . . Number of dwellings in the building O . . Whether a farm building or not O . . Lift/elevator O . . Construction materials O . . State of repair O . . Amenity problems . . .

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Facilities Standard of equipment (well to very inadequate) . . . Electricity O X . . . Water X X . . X Sewage O X . . . Toilet X X . . X Bathing facilities X X . . X Type of heating X X X . . Fuel for cooking . X . . . Cooking facilities O X . . . Hot water O . . Piped gas O . . Air conditioning . . .

Household Variables Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Type of household X X X 6 X 6 Household status . X X 6 X 6 Number of household . X X 7 X 7 Size of household X X X Tenure status X X . . X Single/shared occupancy O X . . . Rent O X . . . 6: For the households which do not have any absent member except head of household. 7: De facto households

Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Consumer goods possessed O X . . . Telephone O X . . . Type of vehicle . . . Use of vehicle . . . Number of vehicles O X . . . Second dwelling used by this household: days occuppied . . . Location of second dwelling . . .

Family Variables Eurostat IPUMSi 1985 1990 2000 Family status X X . . . Type of family nucleus O X . . . Family number . X . . .

Summary of Variables Eurostat IPUMSi Total 1985 1990 2000 137 137 137 Available variables 88 77 31 28 37 Variables not available 49 60 106 109 100 Person Variables 87 87 87 Available variables 52 48 23 22 25 Variables not available 35 39 64 65 62 Dwelling Variables 33 33 33 Available variables 26 16 5 3 8 7 17 28 30 25 Variables not available

Summary of Variables Eurostat IPUMSi Household Variables 1985 1990 2000 14 14 14 Available variables 8 10 3 3 4 Variables not available 6 4 11 11 10 Family Variables 3 3 3 Available variables 2 3 0 0 0 Variables not available 1 0 3 3 3

Sources SIS. 2000 Census of Population, Social and Economic Characteristics of Population, Ankara, 2003 SIS. 1990 Census of Population, Social and Economic Characteristics of Population, Ankara, 1993 SIS. 1985 Census of Population, Social and Economic Characteristics of Population, Ankara, 1989