Population and Urbanization Global trends in urbanization and
Population and Urbanization Global trends in urbanization and their causes
§ Describe how urban and rural populations have changed over time § Explain why urbanization is increasing § Discuss the implications of an increasingly urban world Objectives
World Urban and Rural Populations 8. 00 7. 00 World Population (billions) 6. 00 5. 00 30% urban in 1950 55% of population is urban in 2018 Estimated 68% by 2050 4. 00 3. 00 2. 00 1. 00 0. 00 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 Date (year) 2030 World - Urban World - Rural World - Urban Projections World - Rural Projections Data from the United Nations 2050 2070
6. 00 World Urban and Rural Populations - Country Income Group World Population (billions) 5. 00 4. 00 Largest projected urbanization will occur in China, India, and Nigeria 3. 00 2. 00 1. 00 0. 00 1930 1950 1970 High-income countries - Urban Low-income countries - Urban Middle-income countries - Rural Data from the United Nations 1990 2010 Date (year) 2030 2050 Middle-income countries - Urban High-income countries - Rural Low-income countries - Rural 2070
As agriculture changes and becomes less important to the economy, people move to urban areas
Smallholder farms 800 million worldwide earn their living through agriculture. Most live on under $2 per day in income
What drives urbanization? In general, cities have improved sanitation, improved drinking water access, improved nutrition and improved economic opportunity.
Economic segregation Congestion Air pollution But or rural settings than those in suburban environmental footprints cities have smaller economies, people in In highly developed
Summary § The world is becoming increasingly urban and this is likely to increase § Urbanization is driving by changing economic forces and also drives changes in economic development § Urbanization is not a good thing or a bad thing, it’s just a global trend. Tends to reduce individual impact on the environment but can also lead to air pollution and other environmental issues.
- Slides: 10