POMONA California State Polytechnic University Pomona Weed Seed

POMONA California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Weed & Seed Program Evaluation CSU Pomona Master’s of Public Administration/ Political Science December 1, 2005 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Weed & Seed Program Evaluation • • “The Team” Pre-Test Phase Program Implementation Post-Test Phase California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Weed and Seed Strategy What issues were the focus of the evaluation? • • Law Enforcement Community Policing Prevention – Intervention – Treatment Neighborhood Restoration California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Evaluation Overview • Evaluation Reinforced Some Assumptions • New Issues Emerged – Differences among the districts – Useful for implementation California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Program Environment and Current Operations California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Current Operations and Environment • Pomona Police Department • Patrol Division • Records Division California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Patrol Division • Strengths – Officers work well as a team – Familiarity with assigned neighborhood – Information sharing • Challenges – Residents hesitancy to talk with police – Cultural & language barriers – Shortage of officers California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Patrol Division • Possible effects of Weed & Seed – Bottleneck of the adjudication process – Potential delay in calls for service – Hindrance to the patrol process • Survey Analysis – Residents feelings toward their neighborhood California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Records Division Function • Records Management System • State Criminal Justice databases • Report Statistics to DOJ & State California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Records Division • Strengths – Manager Judy Ramsey – Staff • Challenges – Cumbersome paper system – Backlog – Employee retention – Lack of resources • Potential effect of weeding California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Focus Groups and Elite Interviews California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

FOCUS GROUP Federal vs. Local California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Ways the Weed and Seed Committee intended to measure Success • Reducing Crimes • Establishing or improving after-school programs • Integrating social services and delivery of those services • Employment of more youth in an effort to increase their participation in the community, and • Empowering residents by encouraging them to cooperate with each other and participate in the improvement of their community’s quality of life. Also a renewed focus on the literacy of youth and residents is a program goal. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Elite Interviews • Areas of agreement: – Presence of gangs – Lack of youth programs – Cultural barriers and the need for the assimilation of new immigrants into the community, and – Lack of trust between residents and the City’s Police Department California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Elite Interviews – Differences and Challenges • Differences among Committee members: – Residents lack of education – Concerns about the influence of unelected representatives on programs and policies, and – The impact of old and perhaps outdated, infrastructure in the City California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Models for Success of the Weed and Seed Program • Analysis suggested four (4) models that the Weed and Seed Program should focus on: 1. High Blight = High Crime: focus resources on physical restoration of the area 2. Youth Development = New City: focus resources on serving young children and youth, making a positive impact on their future California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Models For Success (cont’d) 3. Diversity…A Gap Breaker: Focus on gaining a better understanding of immigrant and non-immigrant issues and work to resolve them. 4. Community Policing: The Pomona Police Department should focus on fostering positive community relations, particularly with the Spanish-speaking community of the target area, in a effort to gain their trust. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Record Description and Analysis-City Wide California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Trends in Robbery Arrests for the City of Pomona from 1997 -2003: Citywide and Juveniles California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Juvenile Burglary Arrests (cont…) • City Wide-Not Significant • Juvenile. Significant California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Motor Vehicle Arrests (cont…) California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Drug Arrest 1997 -2003 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Trends in Adult Assault and Juvenile Rape 2001 -2004 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Burglary Arrests: Adults and Juveniles Compare w/ 19972003 • not significant California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Compare w/ 19972003 • Declining pattern

Auto Theft Arrests: Adults and Juvenile Compare w/ 1997 -2003 • increasing pattern Compare w/ 1997 -2003 • decreasing pattern California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Juvenile Drug Arrests Compare w/ 19972003 • decreasing pattern of felony drug crimes California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Record Description and Analysis-By District California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

District Data • The Weed & Seed districts report higher incidence of crimes in the following categories: • • Homicides Rapes Robbery Assaults Burglary Larceny Auto theft California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Weed and Seed Area -VSTypical District California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

District Data • Actual Arrests in the Weed & Seed Districts almost tripled as compared to the Typical districts. • District 84 reports more crime than Districts 83 and 87. -District 84 residents are twice as likely to report assaults. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

FIELD OBSERVATION DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Field Observations • The Instrument –DOJ Framework –Descriptive Definitions • Observers –Gender –Ethnicity California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Field Observations DEBRIS Private Areas Public Areas Glass 15. 8% 10. 5 Garbage 21. 1 17. 3 19. 5 Graffiti 17. 3 12. 5. 3 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Both 6. 0%

Field Observations California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Field Observations Traffic California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Field Observations Police Observation California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Field Observations • Pets, Odors, Noise – Area, District, North/South – Observers’ Gender/Ethnicity • People – Adults observed most frequently – Area, District, North/South – Observers’ Gender/Ethnicity California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Overview and Description of Process California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Resident Surveys • When, Where, and How • Neighborhood conditions: - Police, City Services, Crime - Now vs. 2 years ago • Conducted on last weekend of October 2005 • Population 14, 664 => 326 Surveys • Target Area Parameters: 60 Freeway South, Lexington Ave North, Reservoir Street East, 71 Freeway West. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Districts 83 84 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona 87

Survey Respondents • • • Hispanic Full time worker under 45 2/3 Property owners Income $35, 000 to $50, 000 3 or fewer children California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Resident Surveys 13 Questions • 25% Neighborhood Perception No Serious Issue Differences • 24% Vandalism among youth • 26. 1% Thought not an issue • 23. 3% Lack of jobs as a serious issue • 25. 5% Do not know if it is or not California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood • Asked 32 questions regarding their neighborhood • Significance in only 8 areas • 5 of these areas showed moderate relationship vs strong relationship California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood Do know/trust more or fewer * age in 3 groups California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood How residents viewed drug usage in their neighborhood California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood Views on Robberies Linked to Views on Gangs California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood Views on Robberies Linked to Views About Jobs California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Survey Analysis Neighborhood Views on Robberies Linked to Drug Treatment California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

EMPOWERMENT California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Neighborhood Empowerment Stop Spray Painting Take steps in getting city services Neighborhood assessment California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

What are the residents views about the likelihood of stopping spray painting • 58% - Very likely • Over 55 – More likely TODAY VS. 2 YEARS AGO • Equal percentage More likely and no change California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

What are the residents views about the likelihood of stopping spray painting Males are more likely to intervene than females California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

What are the residents views about taking steps to get city services • 68% - very likely to somewhat likely • 40% under the age of 36 – unlikely • Older residents – more likely TODAY VS. 2 YEARS AGO • Residents feel they are as willing to take steps today as they felt two years ago California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

What are the residents views of the neighborhood • 48% - satisfied • 32. 5% - somewhat satisfied • Older - more satisfied TODAY VS. 2 YEARS AGO • 42% - same • 33% - more satisfied California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Which residents are dissatisfied with the neighborhood • • • District 84 and 87 – more satisfied District 83 – less satisfied District 84 – as age increases, neighborhood satisfaction declined TODAY VS. 2 YEARS AGO: • Owners – more satisfied than renters California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Crime and Safety California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Crime in the Neighborhood • Difference between Districts • District 83 PPD California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Safety in the Neighborhood • Difference between Districts • Large Percentages PPD California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Safety and Gender • Gender Differences California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Police and City Services California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Police and City Services • Calls regarding family members were viewed more positively. • Views regarding controlling the sale of illegal drugs were more negative. • District 84 had most positive views of police. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Police and City Services • Police response to calls regarding a family member. – 36% working outside of the home were very satisfied. – 15% not working outside of the home very satisfied. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Summary of Survey Findings California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Summary of Survey • Empowerment with spray painting varied by gender and age. • Neighborhood satisfaction varied by district. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Summary of Survey Key Findings • Whether residents trusted neighbors today versus two years ago varied by age. • How residents viewed drug usage varied by district. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Summary of Survey • Signs of home break-ins varied by districts. • Concerns about safety after dark varied by district. • District 83 reported more incidents with crimes. California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Summary of Survey • Economic factors as indicators of positive attitudes towards police: – Satisfaction with police response to call about family member vs. working or not – Income vs. improvement of police responsiveness over past two years • Most likely to speak with police officers: – Renters vs. owners – Having 1 child or less in home • District 84 showed most positive views of police California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Conclusions and Recommendations California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Crime • Decline – Robbery arrests – Burglary arrests – Narcotics arrests • Rise – Motor vehicle arrests – Juvenile rape cases – Adult assault arrests • Lowest crime level: District 87 • Highest crime level: District 84 California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Neighborhoods • Quality of structures – Good to excellent vs. fair to poor – Few physical problems – Exceptions: • Litter • Traffic • No police presence during the weekend • Major differences were between districts California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Districts • District 87 – Bordered by Reservoir and Towne – Least concern with crime – Most positive neighbor image • District 84 – Bordered by Garey and Towne – Most reported crimes and litter – Highest support for police efforts • District 83 – Bordered by 60 and 71 freeways and Garey – Greatest amount of traffic – Highest number of residents feeling unsafe California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

Recommendations • • Encourage anonymous tips Customize programs for district needs Expand daytime role of officers Additional personnel and/or technology resources California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS MPA/PLS thanks to : ·Pomona City Manager's Office ·Weed and Seed Committee ·California State Attorney General's Office ·Pomona Police Department especially the: ·Patrol Division ·Records Bureau ·Cadet Program ·CSU Pomona's Kellogg Foundation and -·Participating Residents of Pomona's Weed and Seed area California State Polytechnic University, Pomona

POMONA Thank you. Q&A in Multipurpose Room California State Polytechnic University, Pomona