POLLUTION WHAT IS POLLUTION POLLUTION Pollution also called

POLLUTION

WHAT IS POLLUTION? POLLUTION Pollution, also called environmental pollution, is the addition of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or any form of energy (such as heat, sound, or radioactivity) to the environment at a rate faster than it can be dispersed, diluted, decomposed, recycled, or stored in some harmless form.

TYPES OF POLLUTION 1. NOISE POLLUTION 2. AIR POLLUTION 3. WATER POLLUTION 4. SOIL AND LAND POLLUTION 5. RADIO-ACTIVE POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION MAJOR CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION 1. 2. 3. 4. Construction and building Industry Cars and domestic combustion of fuels Natural events – volcanoes, tornadoes, sand storms, erosion

AIR POLLUTION MAJOR AIR POLLUTANTS • • • Lead Nitrogen dioxide Ozone Sulphur dioxide Particles POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION MAJOR EFFECTS • • Human health – multiple effects Plants Animals The atmosphere POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION 1. POINT: pollution from a single source, such as factory discharge into a river 2. NON-POINT: pollution from multiple sources, such as contaminated rainfall

WATER POLLUTION TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION 1. ORGANIC 2. INORGANIC POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Industrial waste Sewage and waste water Mining activities Marine dumping Accidental oil spills and leakages Burning of fossil fuels Chemical herbicides and pesticides Leakages underground from landfill sites and sewers Radioactive leakages Global warming Urban development Animal wastes POLLUTION

WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION 1. Water borne diseases – 3. 5 million deaths a year, attributed to cholera, typhoid, amoeba, dysentry, etc 2. Toxins and poisons 3. Death of aniamls and plants and disruption of food chains and ecosystems

NOISE POLLUTION MAJOR CAUSES OF NOISE POLLUTION • • • Traffic Aircraft Construction and civil engineering activities Industry Domestic and social activities

NOISE POLLUTION EFFECTS OF NOISE POLLUTION • • Stress, raised blood pressure, anger, etc Damage to ears Sleep deprivation Social conflicts POLLUTION

SOIL & LAND POLLUTION MAJOR CAUSES OF SOIL & LAND POLLUTION • • • Mining and quarrying Construction and urbanisation Sewage waste Household garbage and landfill sites Industrial waste Deforestation Erosion Agriculture Nuclear waste POLLUTION

SOIL & LAND POLLUTION MAJOR EFFECTS OF SOIL & LAND POLLUTION • • Soil pollution Local and regional climate change Global, environmental impact Human health Cause of air pollution Loss of land availability Aesthetic results – reduced tourism, etc Effects on wildlife and natural environment POLLUTION

RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION MAJOR CAUSES OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION Any process which releases readioactivity into the environment 1. Nuclear explosions and detonation of nuclear weapons 2. Defensive weapon production 3. Nuclear waste handling and disposal 4. Mining 5. Nuclear accidents

RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION MAJOR EFFECTS OF RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION • 100 -250 rads exposure may not kill the person but they might suffer from fatigue, loss of hair, nausea. Recovery is possible. • 400 -500 rads exposure leads to bone marrow effects causing low blood count, blood clot failure, lower immunity level, and usually result in death due to bleeding and infection • 1000 rads and above leads to immediate death as it damages the tissues of heart, brain and other vital organs

POLLUTION

POLLUTION

POLLUTION