Political Parties vs Interest Groups Political Parties 1

Political Parties 1. 4 Areas of existence 1. Label (Weak or Strong? ) Pg.

Figure 7. 2: Trends in Split-Ticket Voting for President and Congress, 1920 -1996 Back

What are Interest Groups? What are Political Parties? • How are the fundamental goal

The Fundamental Goals of Political Parties! • Elect people to office • Gain control

The Fundamental Goals of Interest Groups! • Influence Public Policy • Influence Government/Congress •

Tactics and Activities of S. I. G. use to Support P. Ps • Monetary

And In Return… • Access • Advocates in office • legislation

Comparing U. S. to Europe US VS. • Nominations • Campaigns • Expectations of

1. 2. 3. 4. Rise and Fall of PP Founding Fathers Jackson Civil War

1896 Democrats Ø Farmers Ø Small rural towns Ø South and Midwest Republicans –

The Election of 1932 Democrats Ø Urban workers & Irish political bosses Ø Northern

Table 7. 2: The Rise of Republican Politics in the South, 1956 -2002 Copyright

Political Parties as Linkage Institutions BACK

Figure 7. 1: Decline in Party Identification, 19522000: BACK Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company.

FOUR M’S OF AN ELECTION Back 1. HOW MUCH INFLUENCE DO PP’S HAVE ON

Who remains Loyal to Party ID? • • Groups Geographic Regions Gender Race/Ethnicity Age

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Political Parties vs Interest Groups

Political Parties 1. 4 Areas of existence 1. Label (Weak or Strong? ) Pg. 170 2. Organization (Weak or Strong? ) 3. Set of Leaders (Weak or Strong? ) 4. Linkage Institution 2. Is the Party Over? Decline in PP! 1. 2. 3. 4. Direct Primary Civil Service laws Rise of “issue - orientated politics” TV…CNN…Youtube…Facebook… Twitter…? 4. What Parties Need to Do? – The party should present clearly defined programs. – The party should present candidates who are committed to the party’s positions. 1. Figure out WHO is loyal and work to keep them

What are Interest Groups? What are Political Parties? • How are the fundamental goal of Political Parties and Interest Groups similar and different?

The Fundamental Goals of Political Parties! • Elect people to office • Gain control of legislative/executive branches to influence policy agenda

The Fundamental Goals of Interest Groups! • Influence Public Policy • Influence Government/Congress • Change LAWS

Tactics and Activities of S. I. G. use to Support P. Ps • Monetary contributions (PACs) • Mobilize the people • Media Campaigns • Endorse Candidates

And In Return… • Access • Advocates in office • legislation

Comparing U. S. to Europe US VS. • Nominations • Campaigns • Expectations of members actions and votes • System of Gov’t – P. M. vs. President • Federalism • Political Culture Them

1. 2. 3. 4. Rise and Fall of PP Founding Fathers Jackson Civil War and Sectionalism Reform Era

Realigning Elections Define Groups of voters change their usual patterns of party loyalty Characteristics Issues that separate Parties change = supporters change Two Types During Election or After • 1 Party Dies out • Voters shift their support 5 Critical/Realigning Elections

1896 Democrats Ø Farmers Ø Small rural towns Ø South and Midwest Republicans – Tariffs, hard $ – Industry – Cities – Workers and businessman – Catholics and Lutherans

The Election of 1932 Democrats Ø Urban workers & Irish political bosses Ø Northern Blacks (GOP) Ø Southern Whites Ø Jewish (GOP)

National Party Structure

Political Parties as Linkage Institutions BACK

FOUR M’S OF AN ELECTION Back 1. HOW MUCH INFLUENCE DO PP’S HAVE ON THE ELECTION? 2. HOW MUCH IMPACT DO SPECIAL INTREST GROUPS HAVE?

Who remains Loyal to Party ID? • • Groups Geographic Regions Gender Race/Ethnicity Age Social/Economic Religion Marital Status