Political Heritage Plantagenet royal family civil war War

Political Heritage Plantagenet royal family civil war: War of the Roses Lancaster family branch York family branch Lancastrian Henry VII Tudor defeated Richard III at Bosworth Field Unified Plantagenet family by marrying Elizabeth of York

Political Heritage Arthur, Prince of Wales, born 20 September 1486 Henry VIII, king of England, born 28 June 1491 married to Princess Catharine of Aragon on 14 November 1501 died 2 April 1502 married to Princess Catharine of Aragon on 11 June 1509

Political Heritage Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII

Political Heritage Princess Mary

Political Heritage King’s “Great Matter” • Male heir • Acceptance of Mary • Requested annulment • Separation of England from Catholic Church • Archbishop Cranmer approved annulment • Act of Supremacy-king head of the Church of England • Statute of the Six Articles, 1539 maintained most Catholic teachings Thomas Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury Cardinal Woolsey

Political Heritage Anne Boleyn

Political Heritage Princess Elizabeth

Political Heritage Jane Seymour

Political Heritage Prince Edward

Political Heritage Henry had six wives. . • first wife because he was promised to her by his father • second wife because he fell in love and also needed a legitimate male heir • third wife because he still needed a male heir • fourth wife because of diplomatic reasons • fifth wife because he fell in love again • sixth wife because he was old and sick and grouchy and needed a companion and nurse who wouldn't give him too much trouble

Political Heritage Princess Mary Princess Elizabeth Prince Edward

Political Heritage

Political Heritage Thomas Cranmer Thomas Cromwell

Political Heritage Six years later… • Devout Catholic • Persecution of English Protestants • “Bloody Mary” • Executed Thomas Cranmer • Marriage to Philip II, King of Spain Mary I

Political Heritage Mary, Philip II, followed by Mars, god of war

Political Heritage Five years later… • Promoted Protestantism • Church of England • Challenges to reign: 1. Mary Queen of Scots 2. Spanish Armada 3. Thirty Nine Articles, 1563 4. Puritans • End of Tudor dynasty no heir Elizabeth I

Political Heritage Elizabeth followed by the goddesses of Peace and Plenty

Political Heritage Catholicism • Henry VIII, 18 years Church of England • Henry VIII, 20 years • Edward VI, 6 years • Mary I, 5 years ? ? Puritans Parliament • Elizabeth I, 45 years