Politecnico di Milano Future of ICT Services Maurizio

Politecnico di Milano Future of ICT Services Maurizio Dècina Politecnico di Milano AICT Meeting on the Italian ICT Roma, 13 Dicembre 2005

© 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Topics Future of Information Services Future of Networked Services Convergent Services Competition for Information Services © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

The Service Interoperability Gap © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

An History of Interoperability Email EDI Microcomputer, OS, Mailboxes RPCs CORBA, DCOM The Web XML and RELATED e. Speak, XML-RPC, SOAP 0. 9 SOAP & WSDL Web Services Semantic Web 1970 1980 © 2005 Maurizio Dècina 1990 2005 1996 Scale Change 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Semantic Web Services Dynamic Web Services UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Semantic Web Services WWW Semantic Web Static © 2005 Maurizio Dècina URI, HTML, HTTP RDF, RDF(S), OWL

Web Services Concept Program-to-Program Communication Architecture using XML and UDDI Universal Description, Discovery & Integration - registry – Locate services WSDL Web Services Description Language – template – Describe services SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol – programmatic interface – Access services Web Services use Internet Protocols TCP/IP UDDI WSDL SOAP XML Common Internet Protocol (TCP/IP, HTTP, etc. ) © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Web Services and the Syntactic Web [Hendler & Miller 02] © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Hard using the Syntactic Web for Finding the image of something Find pictures that contain red birds with blue background Complex queries involving background knowledge Find information about “animals that use sonar but are not either bats or dolphins” Locating information in data repositories Travel enquiries Prices of goods and services Results of human genome experiments Finding and using “web services” Visualise surface interactions between two proteins Delegating complex tasks to web “agents” Book me a holiday next weekend somewhere warm, not too far away, and where they speak French or English © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Berner-Lee’s Semantic Web Architecture Tim Berners-Lee　http: //www. w 3. org/2002/Talks/09 -lcs-sweb-tbl/ © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Semantic Web Layers XML Layer Syntactic basis RDF (Resource Description Framework) Layer RDF basic data model for facts RDF Schema simple ontology language Ontology Layer More expressive languages than RDF Schema Current Web standard: OWL Logic Layer enhance ontology languages further application-specific declarative knowledge Proof Layer Proof generation, exchange, validation Trust Layer Digital signatures Recommendations, Rating Agencies © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Semantic Web Services (SWS) & Intelligent Web Agents SWS, Intelligent Web Agent Web Services Semantic Web (WSDL, SOAP, UDDI, …) (RDF, RDFS, OWL, …) WWW (HTML, HTTP, URI, …) © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Networking at Multiple Layers © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Multilayer Networks Application Agents Applications 5 4 Content-Based Routing 3 IP Routing 2 1 Wireless Sensors Networks © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Grid Networks Content Delivery Networks Peer-to-Peer Networks Active Networks: XML Routing IP Networks MPLS, Wireless Mobility Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Ethernet Networks RPR, MPLS, Wi. Fi TDM Networks ISDN, GSM, ATM Radio, Fibre, SDH & WDM Media Interconnections

Overlay Networks Grid Networks Content Delivery Networks Peer-to-Peer Networks Active Networks: XML Routing Underlay Nets © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Evolution of Telephony 1900 - … Plain Old Telephony Service & ISDN Le IP Networking 1995 2000 Internet Telephony “Voice over IP” Peer-To-Peer Systems 2005 ? © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Voice over IP Peer-To-Peer ? ga cy IP net ne wor tw ks or ks

Skype Networking Architecture Login Server Super Nodes - They are established after acceptance test by Skype Peer -They have public IP address -They offer storage, processing & bandwidth -Each Serves 100 s Peer Nodes -They route encrypted calls -They execute “NAT” of private Peer IP addresses -They exploit p 2 p protocol PSTN GW Peer Super Node Peer © 2005 Maurizio Dècina PSTN/PLMN Peer

Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks Architectures Wired Internet Infrastructure Multi-tiered Interfaces to wired network Ad-hoc associations BTS Gateway node BTS Wide Area Cell AP Forwarding Node Extended Coverage Microcell Ad-hoc associations Forwarding node 3 G cell End-user radios (with routing capability) “Flat” mesh network with ad-hoc routing © 2005 Maurizio Dècina End-user radios (no routing capability) Hierarchical architecture with radio forwarding nodes and AP’s/BS’s

Pervasive Application Agents Servers Wireless Sensor Network Architecture User interfaces for information & control Internet (IP Routing) AP/BTS Sensor net/IP GW Ad-Hoc Sensor Net A Overlay Pervasive Network Services Sensor/ Actuator Virtualized Physical World Object or Event © 2005 Maurizio Dècina GW Relay Node Ad-Hoc Sensor Net B

Pervasive Systems Layered Architeture Attribute and location aware network services for dynamic binding Pervasive Computing Middleware/Applications Content-based overlay networks Scalable wireless network infrastructure supporting multiple low-tier nets IP Wireless Networks with Heterogeneous Radio Access & Mobility Self-organizing low-tier wireless network supporting power-limited devices Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks (MAC, Discovery & Routing) © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Security Robust, contextaware software framework

Multilayer Discovery and Routing Protocols Peer-to-Peer Networks (DHT, Chord, CAN, Pastry, . . ) Wireless AD-Hoc Networks (AODV, DSR, TORA, . . ) Wireless Sensor Networks (GPSR, Geometric Routing, LEAC, . . ) Wireless IP Networks (Mobile IP, Radius/Diameter, . . ) IP Networks (RIP, OSPF, BGP, …DVMRP, MOSPF, . . ) Ethernet Networks (RPR, MPLS, . . ) Cellular Mobile Radio Networks (HLR, VLR, BSC ) TDM telephony Networks (HDR, NHDR) © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

ICT Service Convergence © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

ICMT & World/China Business Convergence Telco’s Vodafone China Co’s H 3 G China Mobile Bell. South Deutsche Telecom Italia France Telecom China Unicom SBC-MCI China Telecom Telefonica Verizon-AT&T Sprint KPN-Qwest China Netcom BT Sougou Comcast Vonage Baidu Disney Skype Time Warner MSN ESPN AOL e. Bay Google News Corp. BBC Yahoo! Amazon CNN Media Co’s © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Internet Co’s

Digital Rights Management Scenario Content Package Provider DRM Packager Content Package Encryption Content Metadata DRM Controller Rights & Policies Identities Encryption Keys DRM License Provider License Server © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Client Rendering Application Encryption Keys Rights License Identity

Live Unicast IPTV over DSL Broadcast to Unicast Convergence Client Cache Location Video Center Metro Area Network Access Network Video Server STB DSLAM MSAN Unicast Links © 2005 Maurizio Dècina GEtherne Switch t Metro Access Router Metro Edge Core Internet Backbone Core Multicast Links

Intelligent Networks Applications Server Farms Applications Router Card/Blades Card IP/GEthernet Network Router Applicationlevel Caching Format Translation Optimal XML Routing SSL Acceleration Applications © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Clients

Evolving Wireless Communications CABLE PAN REPLACEMENT Zig. Bee 802. 15. 4 Wi-Fi 802. 11 b CITY, WMAN SUBURBS N 1 kbit/s GSM GPRS EDGE 10 kbit/s 100 kbit/s UMTS 1 Mbit/s Bit Rate © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Wi. MAX 802. 16 a/e HSDPA/ HSUPA 10 Mbit/s FULL COUNTRY, REGION WA WIDE Mobile. Fi 802. 20 802. 11 a/g/n 100 Mbit/s 1 Gbit/s Mobility Range PUBLIC ACCESS WLAN LIMITED HOME, OFFICE Ultra. Wide. Band 802. 15. 3 Bluetooth 802. 15. 1

Fixed to Mobile Convergence Models based on Dual Mode Terminals (Wi-Fi-Wi. MAX/2 G-3 G) MOBILE UMA Site based Single SIP ID D XE I F UNC Single Mobile Number FIXED SIP Provider Nomadic Single Mobile Number Longboard, Bridge. Port, Outsmart, … IMS Double Numbers (Fixed/Mobile) Norwood, . . . SCCAN Wireless centric Breakout Wireline centric UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) SCCAN (Seamless Converged Communication Across Networks) © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

SIP-Based Fixed Mobile Convergence PSTN Interconnection SIP SS LDAP master GK AAA Services & Applications SIP SS SR LDAP H. 323 Session Border Controller Vo. IP Peering, OSP SIP SR SIP IP PBX SP H. 323 island RGW SIP phone IP Network SIP 3 G mobile SIP native users Distributed session control for voice, video, and messaging services Centralized session routing, hierarchical LDAP directories, advanced routing capabilities (i. e. ENUM, IP centrex) Distributed registration and access control (AAA) IMS logical architecture for convergence with mobile 3 G packet networks (UMTS) and IP networks, both fixed and mobile © 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Competition for ICT Services Media © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Telecom Internet

Vo. IP Future - Who’s Going to Risk? Verizon Qwest BT Bell. South FT H 3 G Telecom. Italia Vodafone Telefonica DT Comcast Time. Warner ESPN CNN BBC AOL Sky Vonage Yahoo! Google who’s going to risk more? which strategy for Telco’s? Skype Amazon MSN e. Bay Media Co’s Internet Co’s © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Source: The Economist, 2005 Telco’s • Vo. IP will wipe out old telephony • Voice revenues will shrink dramatically • Questions are: how long will it take?

Telco’s Moving to “New Wave Business” Telecom Media Interne t From October 3, until December 31, 2005, calls to 30 popular international destinations with BT Communicator, such as the United States, Australia, Spain and France will cost just 0. 5 p a minute. A 60 minute call to a US landline, which would cost 72 p with Skype, would cost only 30 p with BT. © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Telco's Need to accelerate network transition to IP technology: the NGN platform Need to accelerate creation of Fixed to Mobile Platform/Market Convergence Need to enhance capacity to supply networked IT and Value Added Services (a lá BT’s “New Wave Business”) Need to prepare for new business models, partnerships and acquisitions, to leverage value of their access & interconnection infrastructures, in the value chain for delivery of networked services to the end user

BT ‘s New Wave Revenues Q 1 2005/6 - Group turnover Q 1 2005/6 - New wave – strong organic growth Networked IT Services Order Value of Contracts © 2005 Maurizio Dècina Source: BT, July 28, 2005

© 2005 Maurizio Dècina

Si ringrazia TV BLOB per aver reso disponibili gli apparati su internet per il collegamento con Torino Si ringrazia KEY 4 BIZ per la promozione fatta alla presente Giornata