Policy Legal Framework for Environmental Conservation in the

Policy & Legal Framework for Environmental Conservation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Dr. Vinod. B. Mathur Professor & Dean, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun vbm@wii. gov. in Ecological and economic evaluation approaches for mainstreaming biodiversity in EIA; Saudi Arabia; 24 -26 November, 2008

Presentation Outline… ► The Notion of Policy ► General Environmental Regulations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ► Other Environmental Regulations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ► Environmental Conservation: Violations and Penalties

The Notion of Policy

The Islamic Perspective on Environment…. Protect, conserve and prohibit any act of damaging it and promote sustainable development…

General Environmental Regulations Article Major Thrust One General definitions and goals Two Environmental planning and raising awareness Three Develop environmental protection standards and regulations Four Ensure commitments of public agencies towards environmental regulations contd…

General Environmental Regulations Article Major Thrust Five Conduct environmental evaluation studies Six Use best and most suitable environmental technologies Seven Include environmental concepts in education, enhance the role of mosques in raising environmental awareness Eight Promote re-cycle and re-use of resources Nine Ten Develop environmental disaster/ contingency plans Incorporate environmental considerations in projects, programmes and plans (SEA process) Eleven Ensure that environmental regulations and contd…

General Environmental Regulations Article Major Thrust Twelve Ensure safe transportation of materials; prevent pollutant leak and observe all due precautions in operations Thirteen Prevent soil and water contamination and noise pollution Fourtee Prohibit the entry of radio-active wastes into the n Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Fifteen All existing projects to comply with environmental regulations within a 5 year period Sixteen Commitment to environmental conservation must be a pre-requisite for receiving necessary loans. Sevente Deals with violators of environmental criteria and contd… en standards and sets up reporting process

General Environmental Regulations Article Major Thrust Eighteen Prescribes penalties and compensations for violators of Act. 14 (radioactive wastes)/ 5 years imprisonment + SR 500, 000 or both Nineteen Deputing staff to monitor and report violations. Twenty Setting up of ‘Grievance Board’ to look into violations and set penalities Twentyone Twentytwo Twentythree Functioning of Environmental Committees Framing of rules for implementations of regulations Existing and new regulations both to remain in force provided there is no contradiction

Other Environmental Regulations/Guidelines 1 Environmental Protection Standards 2 Fundamentals and Standards for EIA of Industrial and Development Projects 3 Guidelines for Classification of Industrial and Development Projects 4 Environmental Assessment of Development Projects. Category-I 5 Environmental Assessment of Development Projects. Category-II 6 Environmental Assessment of Development Projects. Category-III 7 Guidelines for compiling an EIA study 8 Guidelines for Environmental Accreditation Procedures 9 Hazardous Wastes Control Rules and Procedures

Violations and Penalties… ► ► ► Environmental studies and consultations (10 Nos. ) Hazardous waste disposal site (9 Nos. ) Water quality (19 Nos. ) Air quality (25 Nos. ) Importation and operation of environmental technologies (7 Nos. ) General (43 Nos. )

S. N. Violations and Penalties relating to Environmental Studies and Consultations Type of Violation Penalty 1. Failure by the proprietor of an Warning to annul the environmental studies office to certification and a fine of not provide environmental more than SR 10000 specialists in the field of the office’s accreditation 2. Failure by the proprietor of an environmental studies office to comply with the requirement of providing a Saudi environmental specialist Imposition of a fine not exceeding SR 3000 and requiring the office proprietor to provide a Saudi environmental specialist 3. Failure to have the environmental analysis performed by an approved environmental laboratory at the Rejection of the analysis results, requiring that the analysis be redone by an contd… approved environmental

Violations and Penalties relating to Environmental Studies and Consultations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 4. Failure to submit two The proprietor is to be notified copies of the to submit two copies and environmental refrain from review of the study assessment study 5. Incorrect analysis results Resubmit the study and or components of imposition of a fine of SR 5000 environmental study to 10000 on the violator 6. Failure to submit the periodic reports in accordance with the accreditation conditions 7. Failure to apply for Denial of renewal and notifying renewal of the licensing authority of the accreditation two months revocation and a fine of contd… SR Suspension of renewal of the accreditation granted and imposition of a fine up to SR 3000

S. N. Violations and Penalties relating to Environmental Studies and Consultations Type of Violation Penalty 8. Failure to submit A fine ranging from SR 1000 to proposals for the study 3000 prior to it preparation 9. Preparation and submittal Rejection of the study and a of the study by an fine of up to SR 5000 unaccredited agency that has not been approved by the Presidency 10. Failure to comply with the A fine of SR 10000 undertakings, conditions and specifications listed in the study to obtain the environmental certificate

Violations and Penalties relating to Hazardous Waste Disposal Site S. N. Type of Violation 1. Failure by the project proponent to prepare the disposal site in accordance with the conditions of the license issued by the Presidency Penalty A fine up to SR 10000 and requiring the owner of the facility to comply with the conditions of the license issued by the Presidency 2. Failure to allow the Presidency to Warning and a fine up to inspect various stages of the SR 5000 treatment or disposal site preparation 3. Failure to fence off the landfills, dumps and excavations resulting from the extraction activities and failure to periodically maintain Rectify the fencing and excavations and its maintenance. Imposition of a fine of SR 5000 to contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Hazardous Waste Disposal Site S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 4. Failure to deposit the Addressing the resulting hazardous wastes problem and imposition of a according to their fine up to SR 10000 classifications in the appropriate cells in the landfill 5. Failure to maintain gas Imposition of a fine of SR venting system, or when 1000 to 5000 such a failure causes risks or explosions 6. Continued use of a site after Imposition of a fine of up to the license has expired SR 10000 contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Hazardous Waste Disposal Site S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 7. Expanding or modifying the site or use of technologies and devices without the approval of the Presidency Suspension of accreditation and work at the site until the Presidency’s approval is obtained and imposition of a fine of up to SR 10000 8. Failure to regularly sample Imposition of a fine up to SR and analyze test wells or 5000 ambient air quality 9. Failure to level and upgrade the site after use to a state according to the environmentally sound plan agreed upon prior to the construction Requiring the violator to enhance the leveling and upgrade the site. Imposition of a fine of SR 5000

Violations and Penalties relating to Water Quality S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 1. Disposal of untreated sanitary wastewater in water bodies (seas, valleys, dams, sabkha) SR 10000 2. Disposal of untreated sanitary wastewater on land SR 10000 3. Discharge (injection) of untreated wastewater into ground water bodies sanitary SR 10000 4. Disposal of treated sanitary wastewater on open spaces, valley courses and non compliance with the environmental standards and criteria SR 5000 5. Disposal of treated sanitary wastewater that does not conform to environmental standards and criteria SR 2000 contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Water Quality S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 6. Discharge (injection) of treated sanitary wastewater that does not conform to environmental standards and criteria in ground water SR 10000 7. Disposal of sludge in the seas SR 7000 8. Disposal of sludge into water bodies other than marine SR 10000 9. Disposal of sludge in areas that are not designated for it SR 5000 10. Violations involving sample collection procedures that are inconsistent with the criteria SR 2000 11. Violations SR 2000 contd… involving measurement and

Violations and Penalties relating to Water Quality S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 12. Pollution of ground or surface water with SR 500000 hazardous or toxic (harmful) substances 13. Pollution of underground or surface water SR 250000 with high concentrations of non hazardous pollutants 14. Use of inadequately licensed (without license) means of transportation for transporting polluted water (sanitary, industrial) SR 5000 15. Disposal of treated industrial wastewater into water bodies (such as seas, dams, sabkha water) and failure to comply with the environmental standards and criteria SR 5000 contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Water Quality S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 16. Disposal of untreated industrial wastewater into water bodies (such as seas, dams, sabkha) SR 10000 17. Disposal of untreated industrial wastewater at other than designated locations SR 10000 18. Disposal of treated industrial wastewater at other than designated lands SR 5000 19. Disposal of agricultural wastewater in non- SR 5000 compliance with environmental standards and criteria

Violations and Penalties relating to Air Quality S. N. Type of violation Penalty 1 Failure to comply with the self imposed not more than SR emission source monitoring program 10000 2 Tampering with observation devices 3 Open burning of agricultural wastes monitoring domestic and not more than SR 10000 4 Release of pollutants without advance not more than SR notice 10000 5 Failure to report facility shutdowns not more than SR resulting in pollutant gas emissions 10000 6 Neglect in the maintenance of pollution not more than SR abatement and surveillance and 10000 contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Air Quality S. N. Type of violation 7 Failure to submit periodical reports Penalty not more than SR 5000 8 Submittal of incorrect or inaccurate not more than SR information on the type and quantity of 10000 emissions 9 Failure to comply with the procedures not more than SR related to the handling of emissions 10000 and leaks in cases of emergency 10 Deposit or dumping of wastes, dust and not more than SR ash accumulations from pollution 10000 abatement equipment at other than designated areas 11 Failure to comply with the remediation not more than SR contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Air Quality S. N. Type of violation 12 Failure to operate pollution abatement, monitoring and surveillance equipment to the required efficiency Penalty not more than SR 10000 13 Failure to use the type of fuel not more than SR designated for the activity 10000 14 Failure to submit the monthly data and not more than SR periodical reports requested by the 5000 Presidency in the specified format 15 Vehicular emissions of smoke, carbon SR 150 monoxide, hydrocarbons and particulates exceeding the standards contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Air Quality S. N. Type of violation Penalty 16 Excessive noise pollution from SR 200 vehicles and machinery 17 Excavations and construction not more than SR works outside designated hours 5000 18 Engaging in an activity without a not more than SR license by the competent agency 10000 19 Failure to file and document not more than SR analysis and copies of the 5000 information and data at the organization’s headquarters contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Air Quality S. N. Type of violation Penalty 20 Use of controlled or prohibited not more than SR materials, technologies or devices 10000 21 Failure to recruit competent, qualified not more than SR and experienced personnel as stated 5000 in the licensing requirements 22 Failure to comply with the not more than SR professional description of experts, 5000 technicians and workers for operating monitoring, surveillance and analysis equipment and generating air quality data and reports contd…

Violations and Penalties relating to Air Quality S. N. Type of violation Penalty 23 Failure to make available and prepare not more than SR suitable sampling equipment required 5000 for industrial and services sector 24 Use of used oils, hazardous wastes or not more than SR substances as fuel in any industry 10000 without obtaining the approval of the competent agency 25 Failure to comply with the continuous not more than SR operation or periodic maintenance of 10000 the pollution abatement technologies

Violations relating to Importation and Operation of Environmental Technologies S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 1. Failure of environmental laboratory owner to supply sampling and testing specialists and specialists on data analysis at the time of equipping the laboratory and submitting application for environmental certificate Imposition of a fine of SR 10000 and enforcing the laboratory owner to provide the specialist 2. Failure by environmental technology suppliers to meet specifications approved at the time of issuance of the environmental certificate Suspending the importation of the technology and imposition of a fine of SR 1000 contd…

Violations relating to Importation and Operation of Environmental Technologies S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 3. Failure to install an integrated Imposition of a fine in the pollution abatement system or amount up to SR 10000 failing to provide appropriate maintenance and parts for an installed system. 4. Start up of the technology prior Discontinuing the use of to certification of the technology and technology imposition of a fine of SR 10000 5. Failure to commit to continuous Suspension of work and operation or periodic imposition of a fine up to maintenance of the pollution SR 10000 contd…

Violations relating to Importation and Operation of Environmental Technologies S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 6. Continued use of technology Discontinuing the use of beyond its life span the technology, revocation of the approval of the technology and imposition of a fine up to SR 10000 7. Failure to commit to the periodic renewal of the environmental accreditation certificate and submittal of the required periodic reports Conditional renewal of the certificate after payment of a fine up to SR 10000 only.

Violations and Penalties: General S. N. Type of violation Penalty (SR) 1 Failure to fence off landfills and excavations resulting from exploration activities or failure to maintain them regularly, thereby exposing passers by to hazards Rectify the maintenance of the fence and excavations. Imposition of a fine of 5000 to 10000 2 Failure to comply with the not more than 10000 undertakings, conditions and specifications listed in the information submitted for obtaining the environmental certificate contd…

Violations and Penalties: General S. N. Type of violation Penalty (SR) 3 Failure to level and remediate the site not more than after use to a state agreed prior to the 10000 original construction 4 Failure by environmental technology not more than suppliers to meet the specifications 10000 approved upon issuance of the environmental certificate

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 1. Handling of hazardous wastes without having a license from the competent agency A fine of SR 3000 and elimination of the violation at the violator’s cost in accordance with the Presidency’s instructions 2. Dealing with hazardous A fine from SR 3000 to SR wastes without being 5000 licensed by the competent agency 3. Failure to submit correct A fine from SR 3000 to SR information when applying 5000 and cancellation of the for a license for hazardous license application waste management contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 4. Handling of hazardous A fine from SR 3000 to SR wastes while it is not 5000, warning to cancel the included in the license and requiring the violator to have the wastes disposed of by another agency licensed to handle such waste 5. Allowing the license to be A fine from SR 10000 to SR used by another 20000 and cancellation of unqualified person to the license engage in the field of hazardous waste management without the permission of the contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 6. Modification of the waste management facility without the permission of the licensing agency A fine from SR 10000 to SR 20000, cancellation of the license and removal of the modification 7. Unauthorized operation of a facility that the concerned agency has ordered to shut down or eliminate and without approval of the competent agency A fine from SR 10000 to SR 50000, detention for three months, or both penalties and closure of the facility 8. Relocation without the approval of the competent agency of the contents of a facility that has been A fine from SR 10000 to SR 50000, detention for three months, or both penalties and restoration of the contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. 9. Type of Violation Penalty Violation of the license conditions Cancellation set forth by the competent agency license of the 10. Mismanagement which results in Cancellation environmental impacts which were license not anticipated at the time of licensing of the 11. Violations by the licensee of the Fine from SR 10000 to hazardous waste storage SR 20000 and license conditions and specifications cancellation warning 12. Failure to pack hazardous wastes Fine from SR 5000 to in appropriate shockproof and anti SR 10000 and license spill and anti- cancellation warning evaporation/sublimation contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 13. Failure to place conspicuous labels on storage vessels, indicating the type and hazard rating, characteristics and UN number of the stored material Fine from SR 5000 to SR 10000, requiring the violator to repack the material in accordance with the specifications and license cancellation warning 14. Failure to establish a timetable for collection of hazardous wastes so that such wastes may not be left for long periods in storage containers Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000, requiring the violator to develop a timetable in coordination with the licensing agency and license cancellation warning contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 15. Failure to wash the storage Fine from SR 2000 to SR vessels after use 10000, requiring the violator to rewash and position at a designated location. License cancellation warning 16. Transportation of hazardous Fine from SR 10000 to SR wastes to the waste collection 20000 and license facility using a means of cancellation warning to the transportation unauthorized by hazardous waste the competent agencies management facility 17. Transportation of hazardous Fine from SR 10000 to SR wastes with incompatible 20000, and license characteristics and qualities to cancellation warning the hazardous waste contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 18. Failure of the means of Fine from SR 2000 to transportation to satisfy safety SR 10000 and license requirements cancellation warning 19. The capacity of the means of Fine from SR 2000 to transportation is not adequate for SR 10000 and license the hazardous wastes being cancellation warning transported, or exceeding the load limits as specified by the Ministry of Transportation 20. Having drivers of the means of Fine from SR 2000 to transportation who are unqualified SR 10000 and license and untrained in dealing with cases cancellation warning of emergencies and unlicensed to drive that type of vehicle contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 21. Failure to place labels Fine from SR 10000 to indicating the type, hazardous SR 20000 and license rating, UN number of cancellation warning transported material and optimal course of action to deal with emergency cases 22. Failure to provide the itinerary Fine from SR 2000 to of the vehicle and to notify and SR 10000 and license secure the approval of Civil cancellation warning Defense adequately in advance, prior to proceeding with the transportation process, and/or change the route without advance approval contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 23. Failure to notify Civil Fine from SR 2000 to SR Defense with the address 10000 and license of the facility to which the cancellation warning carrier will transport the hazardous wastes 24. Transport of hazardous Fine from SR 2000 to SR wastes to an agency or 10000 and license facility not authorized by cancellation warning the licensing agency. 25. Failure to obtain an Fine from SR 2000 to SR identification code from 10000 and detain the vehicle the licensing agency contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 26. Transportation of Fine from SR 10000 to SR unauthorized hazardous 20000 and license wastes or transportation cancellation warning of hazardous material other than the material specified in the transportation manifest 27. Failure to carry the Fine from SR 10000 to SR manifest of the wastes 20000 and license being transported cancellation warning 28. Violation of the approved Fine from SR 10000 to 20000 and required method for and license cancellation the treatment and warning disposal of hazardous contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 29. Failure to obtain a license Fine from SR 2000 to SR for the treatment and 10000 and stop operation of disposal facility the facility 30. Treatment and disposal of Fine from SR 2000 to SR the hazardous waste in a 10000 and stop operation of way that may cause the facility damage to the environment 31. Acceptance of hazardous Fine from SR 2000 to SR waste other than 10000 and stop operation of indicated or enlisted in the facility the documentation contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 32. Disposal of hazardous waste other than the waste that the facility is licensed to process Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 , returning the hazardous waste to their originator and enforcing him to have the wastes disposed of by a facility licensed to accept such wastes. Warning to suspend the operations of the facility which accepted such waste 33. Failure to fully treat and dispose of the hazardous waste in an appropriate manner Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 and enforcing the facility to dispose of in the appropriate manner contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 34. Having the hazardous wastes deposited in a treatment facility be processed by another facility without prior approval of the licensing agency Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 and enforcing the facility to dispose of in an appropriate manner specified by the licensing agency 35. Acceptance of hazardous wastes in excess of the facility’s licensed or actual capacity Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 and enforcing the facility to return the wastes to the producer and notifying the licensing agency accordingly and warning to close the facility contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 36 a. Acceptance of hazardous waste from other facility without prior permission from the licensing agency Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 and enforcing the facility to return the waste to the facility and notifying the licensing agency accordingly and warning to close the facility 36 b. Failure to notify the licensing agency in advance of contracting with the waste generator to dispose of hazardous waste in his facility Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 and enforcing the facility to return the waste to the origin and notifying the licensing agency accordingly and warning to contd… close the facility

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 37. Failure to establish a periodic program for monitoring the environmental impacts on the air, water and soil at the treatment and disposal site either during land-filling or thermal treatment Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000 and enforcing the facility to set up a periodical monitoring program and notifying the licensing agency accordingly and warning to close the facility contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation 38 Failure to provide information on the results of periodic monitoring to the licensing agency and covering up the necessary information in the event of occurrence of harmful impacts on the environment Penalty Fine from SR 2000 to SR 10000, enforcing the facility to correct the situation and remediate the resulting the environmental damage, notify to the licensing agency and stop the operation of the facility until the conditions are improved an approval of the licensing agency is obtained contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation 39. Failure to apply the specifications for the construction of landfills, storage, loading or unloading sites. The appearance of a future defect as a result of non compliance with the construction specifications or violation of the safety requirements at the facility Penalty Fine from SR 10000 to SR 20000, enforcing the proponent to redesign the facility in accordance with the construction specifications, complete remediation of any environmental damage, disposal of the hazardous wastes deposited at the facility in an environmentally sound manner in coordination with licensing agency. Closure of the facility pending rectification of the situation contd… and obtaining final approval

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 40. Failure to install safety, security, alarm, protection systems and first aid equipment in appropriate number and quantity Fine from SR 10000 to SR 20000 and enforcing the proponent to provide safety, security, alarm, protection systems and first aid equipment in the appropriate number and quantity 41. Failure to have in place an emergency plan approved by the licensing and concerned agencies Fine from SR 10000 to SR 20000 and enforcing the proponent to have in place an emergency plan and training facility for employees contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation Penalty 42. Failure to undertake Fine from SR 1000 to SR 5000, periodic medical enforcing the proponent to have check ups of the employees examined and personnel submit the examination findings to the licensing agencies for verification and, in the event of harm, have the employees treated at the employer’s expense contd…

Proposed Penalties for Certain Violations S. N. Type of Violation 43. Failure to maintain records on the hazardous waste received and disposed of, the organization (s) with which it has concluded contracts and the accidents suffered by the facility and its personnel Penalty Fine from SR 5000 to SR 15000 and enforcing the facility to submit the records. In the event of failure or submittal of falsified information, the penalties of fine, imprisonment for a period of not less than two months and permanent closure of the facility will be imposed contd…

Major environmental events and laws in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Legislation Fishing in the Red Sea Coast Law First Commercial Oil Production Abolishment of the Hema System Animal Quarantine Law (CM/208 1396 H) Agricultural Quarantine law (CM/207 1396 H) Trade in Pesticide Law (CM/19 1396 H) Uncultivated Land Law (M/26 1388 H) Wild Animals and Birds Hunting Law (M/17/ 1389 H) Forestry and Rangelands Law (M/22 1389 H) Water Resources Conservation Law (M/34 1400 H) Forest and Rangelands Section Upgraded to a Separate Directory Establishment of MEPA (7/M/8903) and EPCC The First Park Source: Ahmad. National Al-Gilani &Park: Seamus. Asir Filor, National 1997 Year 1931 1938 1957 1976 1978 1979 1980 1981 contd…

Major environmental events and laws in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Legislation Environmental Standards (01 -1409) Obligation to Use the Best Available Technology to Reduce Pollutant Emissions and to Reclaim Quarries and Dispose Waste (CM/271 1404 H) First State of the Environment Report, So. E-84 Forest Land Ownership and Conservation Law (1182/8 1405 H) Protection of Public Utilities (Wadis and Water Installation) from Waste Disposal (CM/225 and M/62 1405 H) Establishment of NCWCD Prohibition of Clay Mining from Wadis (M/1114 1407 H) Living Marine Resources within the National Waters: Fishing, Investment and Conservation Law (M/9 1408 H) Source: Ahmad Al-Gilani & Seamus Filor, 1997 Year 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 contd…

Major environmental events and laws in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Legislation Year Conference on Environment and Development in Saudi Arabia 1990 Gulf War: Kuwait Oil Spill 1991 The National Contingency Plan for Marine Pollution Control 1991 (CM/157 1411 H) The National Report to UNCED—Rio 1992 Hazards Waste Disposal Standards 1413 -03 1992 Wildlife Reserves Areas Law (M/12 1415 H) 1995 From Sea to Sea: Conference on Marine Environment 1995 Agenda 21: Saudi Arabia (CM/78 3/7/1415 H) 1995 Saudi Environmental Awareness Project 1995 First Ahmad National Conference on 1997 Environmental Source: Al-Gilani & Seamus Filor, Pollution and 1996

Legislation regulating use and conservation of biodiversity within Saudi Arabia Title 1. Agricultural and Veterinary Quarantine Regulations 2. The Uncultivated Land Act 3. The Forests and Rangelands Act 4. The Water Resource Conservation Act 5. The National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development Act 6. The Fishing Exploitation and Protection of Live Aquatic Resources in the Territorial Waters of Saudi Arabia Act 7. The Wildlife Protected Areas Act 8. The Wild Animals and Birds Hunting Act 9. The Act on Trade in Endangered Wildlife Species and their Products Date of Promulgation 1975 1978 1979 1980 1986 1987 1995 1999 2000

National mechanisms established under various treaties ratified by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ► International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by oil, London, 1954 (as amended in 1962 and 1969); ► Amendment to the International Convention for Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil (1954), concerning the protection of the Great Barrier Reef, London, 1971; ► International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, Brussels, 1969 and Rome, 1976 Protocol; ► Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea Bed and the Ocean Floor contd…

National mechanisms established under various treaties ratified by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ► Protocols under the Regional Convention for Cooperation on the Protection of Marine Environment from Pollution, Kuwait, 1978; ► Protocol Concerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution by Oil and Other Harmful Substances in Cases of Emergency, Kuwait, 191978; ► Protocol Concerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution by Oil and Other Harmful Substances in Cases of Emergency, Jeddah, 1982; ► United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, contd…

National mechanisms established under various treaties ratified by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ► Agreement Relating To the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982, New York, 1994; ► Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, Basel, 1989; ► Protocol on the Control of Marine Transboundary Movements and Disposal of Hazardous Wastes and Other Wastes, Tehran, 1998.

Process of Environmental decisionmaking in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Source: Ahmad Al. Gilani & Seamus Filor, 1997

You are so strong on legislation!!! But what about the implementation ?