Poison Information Center Brief Review Drug Poison Information
Poison Information Center Brief Review Drug & Poison Information Center (DPIC) King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC) Nora A. Kalagi, Msc. Pharm Lecturer of clinical pharmacy DPIC clinical Pharmacist Nakalagi@ksu. edu. sa
Outlines l Toxicological Terms l Poison versus Adverse Drug Reaction l Sources of Poisons l Poison Information Center l Handling Poison Calls l Resources of Poison Information l Drug & Poison Information Center in KSUMC: Years of Experience
Terms in Toxicology l Poison o Harm from any substance l Toxin o Harm from natural substance l Adverse o Drug Reaction (ADR) Noxious & unintended response from a drug
Poison versus ADR Poisoning when an error was made in drug prescription or in the administration of the drug ADR When the drug was correctly prescribed and properly administered
Types of Poison l Prescription l Over drug The Counter drugs (OTC) l Herbal medications or preparations l Household l Industrial chemicals
Poison Can be…. . l Unintentional o o Drug overdoses Drug abuse Misreading of product labels Children l Intentional o o Poisoning Suicide Murder Poisoning
Prevalence WHO numbers in 2014 o Unintentional: 79. 4% o Intentional: 16. 7% o adverse reactions: 2. 4% o Children < 6 years: 48% § Adults: 38% o § o unintentional: 99% unintentional: 61% Teens: 7% § unintentional: 37%
Poison Information Center l Provision of toxicological information and advice l Management of poisoning cases l Provision of laboratory analytical services l Research, and education in the prevention and treatment of poisoning l Toxicovigilance activities
Toxicovigilance activities l Toxicovigilance is the active process of identifying and evaluating the toxic risks existing in a community, and evaluating the measures taken to reduce or eliminate them. l It involves the analysis of poisons center enquiries to identify whethere are specific circumstances or agents giving rise to poisoning, or certain populations suffering a higher incidence of poisoning.
Poison Information Center l Developing plans for, and responding to, chemical disasters l Monitoring the adverse effects of drugs l Handling problems of substance abuse
Poison Information Center l Staff o l Access o o o l Pharmacists Phone calls (ideally 24 hours) Written enquiries Face-to-face Use o o o Public Healthcare professionals Emergency services, government ministries, regulatory agencies
Poison Information Center l Documentation o Standardized way to reports o Follow up cases o Future improvement o Need for treatment protocols & guidelines
Poison Information Center – Phone Protocol for Handling Poison Calls l Analyzing a Poison Situation I. Initial Assessment II. History III. Assessment IV. Treatment Plan V. Follow-up
Poison Information Center – Phone Protocol for Handling Poison Calls Initial Assessment I. l l l Substance involved Are symptoms present? What has been done ? History II. l l Basic information Substance Amount Symptoms
Poison Information Center – Phone Protocol for Handling Poison Calls III. l l l Assessment Toxicity of substance Circumstances of exposure Competency of caller Treatment Plan IV. l No treatment necessary l First aid & observe at home l Refer to MD or ER
Poison Information Center – Phone Protocol for Handling Poison Calls Follow-up V. l Has the victim remained asymptomatic ? l Were instructions followed ? l Was the treatment effective ? l Poison prevention teaching l Referral
Resources for Poison Information l Primary resources: o Journals, Reviews l Secondary resources o Iowa system, Pubmed l Tertiary resources: o Text books: § Clinical Toxicology o Poisondex
Resources for Poison Information l The American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPC) l Management of Poisoning - A handbook for health care workers By World Health Organization l TOXNET From the National Library of Medicine in the U. S. , this site is a collection of of databases on toxicology, hazardous chemicals, and related areas.
Resources for Poison Information l Toxic Exposure Treatment Guides IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety l AACT - American Academy of Clinical Toxicology An organization uniting scientists and clinicians in the advancement of research, education, prevention and treatment of diseases caused by chemicals, drugs and toxins
The American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPC)
The American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPC) l l Non-profit, national organization Founded in 1958 Represents the poison control centers of the United States Poison prevention and treatment
Poison Centers in KSA
Drug and Poison Information Centers in Saudi Arabia
DPICs in KSA
DPICs in KSA
DPICs in KSA
Drug & Poison Information Center in KSUMC Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC l Established in October 1983 l Primary goal: offer expert advice from well-trained clinical pharmacists in the management of poisoning cases throughout the KSA l Operated by Clinical Pharmacists l 24 hours service
DPIC in KSUMC - Clinical Pharmacist Role in Poising Management l Identification of the poison l Pharmacokinetic / Toxokinetic l Antidotes dosing l Patient treatment plans & Monitoring outcomes l Improving health care & Lay public awareness
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience between October 1986 and October 1996
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
DPIC in KSUMC – Years of Experience
Any Question ? ? ?
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