Poetry Types and terms Types of poetry We

Poetry Types and terms

Types of poetry • We will study 10 types of poetry: – – – Sonnet Lyric Ballad Ode Elegy – – – Limerick Haiku Free Verse Blank Verse Pastoral/Romantic

Sonnets • • • Sonnets originated in England Italy They are rhymed 14 (English) lines or 16 (Italian) lines. Iambic pentameter (5 beats – 10 syllables) • Once by the Pacific (Robert Frost) The shattered water made a misty din. Great waves looked over others coming in, And thought of doing something to the shore That water never did to land before. The clouds were low and hairy in the skies, Like locks blown forward in the gleam of eyes. You could not tell, and yet it looked as if The shore was lucky in being backed by cliff, The cliff in being backed by continent; It looked as if a night of dark intent Was coming, and not only a night, an age. Someone had better be prepared for rage. There would be more than ocean-water broken Before God's last Put out the light was spoken.

Blank Verse • Unrhymed iambic pentameter • The Seven Ages of Man (W. Shakespeare) • http: //www. poemhunt er. com/poem/all-theworld-s-a-stage/

Lyric • Lyric poetry tells the authors internal thoughts • Does not tell a story! • Does not have to rhyme! • Fire and Ice (Robert Frost) Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice. From what I've tasted of desire I hold with those who favor fire. But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hate To say that for destruction ice Is also great And would suffice.

• Ballad • Ballads are narrative (story) poems that are usually sung • They do not have to rhyme! The Ballad of Birmingham (D. Randall) “Mother dear, may I go downtown Instead of out to play, And march the streets of Birmingham In a Freedom March today? ” “No, baby, no, you may not go, For the dogs are fierce and wild, And clubs and hoses, guns and jails Aren’t good for a little child. ” “But, mother, I won’t be alone. Other children will go with me, And march the streets of Birmingham To make our country free. ” “No, baby, no, you may not go, For I fear those guns will fire. But you may go to church instead And sing in the children’s choir. ” She has combed and brushed her night-dark hair, And bathed rose petal sweet, And drawn white gloves on her small brown hands, And white shoes on her feet. The mother smiled to know her child Was in the sacred place, But that smile was the last smile To come upon her face. For when she heard the explosion, Her eyes grew wet and wild. She raced through the streets of Birmingham Calling for her child. She clawed through bits of glass and brick, Then lifted out a shoe. “O, here’s the shoe my baby wore, But, baby, where are you? ”

Ode • Odes are poems that are dedicated to a particular person or thing • Ode on a Grecian Urn (Keats) • http: //en. wikipedia. org /wiki/Ode_on_a_Grecia n_Urn

Limerick • A limerick is a humorous poem • Must be five lines • Rhyme: AABBA • Unknown There was an old man with a beard Who said, "it’s just how I feared! Two owls and a hen Four larks and a wren Have all built their nests in my beard.

Elegy • • A poem written as a lament for the dead or about death Sometimes read at funerals and wakes • Because I could not stop for Death (E. Dickinson) Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put away My labor, and my leisure too, For his civility. We passed the school, where children strove At recess, in the ring; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun. Or rather, he passed us; The dews grew quivering and chill, For only gossamer my gown, My tippet only tulle. We paused before a house that seemed A swelling of the ground; The roof was scarcely visible, The cornice but a mound. Since then 'tis centuries, and yet each Feels shorter than the day I first surmised the horses' heads Were toward eternity.

Haiku • Japanese • 17 syllables – 5 in first line – 7 in second – 5 in last line Focus on nature • Miura Chora Get out of my road and allow me to plant these bamboos. Mr. Toad.

Pastoral/Romantic • Focus is on nature and the power of nature • Often contain references to rivers, streams, sky etc. • I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud (Wordsworth) http: //www. bartleby. com /145/ww 260. html

Free Verse • No consistent rhyme or meter – free! • A Blessing (J. Wright) • http: //www. poetryfoun dation. org/poem/17578 0