Poetry Terms Vocabulary Terms Have your pencils and
Poetry Terms
Vocabulary Terms • Have your pencils and packet ready! • Terms in PPT not in alphabetical order • Not going over EVERY term – Will need to complete independently • Will need to recognize and locate uses of terms in poetry/lyrics
Alliteration • Repetition of same or similar consonant sounds in words that are close together – Most often consists of sounds that begin words, it may also involve sounds that occur in words • What is a consonant? – NOT a vowel • Example: – Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. (First letter, p, is a consonant and is repeated many times)
Assonance • Repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds in words that are close together – “Lake” and “fake” demonstrate Rhyme – “Lake” and “fate” demonstrate Assonance • Example: – And so all the night-tide, I lie down by the side, Of my darling, my life and my bride » Edgar Allan Poe, from “Annabel Lee”
Alliteration vs. Assonance • How can you remember the difference between alliteration and assonance? – Alliteration (rep. of consonants) ends with a CONSONANT – Assonance (rep. of vowels) ends with a VOWEL
Allusion “Four score and seven years ago” • Reference to a statement, person, place, event, or thing that is known from literature, history, religion, myth, “Five score years ago” politics, sports, King's allusion effectively called up parallels science, or art in two historic moments. • Direct or indirect reference “Having the strength of Hercules”
Rhyme Scheme • Indicate rhyme scheme by each new end and rhyme a new letter of the alphabet • Example: Bid me to weep, and I will weep, A While I have eyes to see; B And having none, yet I will keep A A heart to weep for thee. B » Stanza from To Anthea, Who May Command Him Any Thing by Robert Herrick • What is the rhyme scheme? ABAB
Meter & Foot • Meter: Regular pattern • Foot: Usually of stressed and consists of unstressed syllables in one stressed and poetry one or more unstressed syllables – Stressed syllable (/) – Unstressed syllable (U) • Meter is measured in units called feet – Iamb: stressed followed by unstressed • U / forget; deceive – More meters on pg. 1001
Iambic Pentameter & Blank Verse • Iambic Pentameter: Line of poetry made up of five iambs – Five iambs – Ten syllables • Blank Verse: Unrhymed iambic pentameter • Example (Iambic Pentameter and Blank Verse: U / U / U / When I see birches bend to left and right U / U / U / Across the line of straighter darker trees U / U / U / I like to think some boy’s been swinging them » Robert Frost, from “Birches”
Inversion • Reversal of normal word order in a sentence • Remember Yoda? – “Named must your fear be before banish it you can. ” – Correct word order: Must name your fear before you can banish it.
Hyperbole • Figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion or for comic relief – Not pronounced “Hyperbowl” – It’s “High-purr-bowl-ee” I told you a million times!
Connotation & Denotation • Connotation: All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests • Example: Expensive restaurant advertises its delicious “cuisine” rather than its delicious “cooking” – Cuisine = elegance, sophistication, high quality – Cooking = decent, everyday food • Denotation: literal meaning of the word – Cuisine and Cooking = Prepared Food
Connotation & Denotation (another way to look at it) • Connotation: The meaning of a word/phrase based on how your culture defines it • Example: I call be classmate my “brother” – Brother = friend/buddy/mate • Denotation: The meaning of a word based on what the dictionary would say – Brother= male sibling in the same family
Tone • Author’s attitude toward types of characters and situations • Examples: cynical, playful, formal, informal, earnestness, seriousness, bitterness, humorous, joyful, neutral, serious, amused, sad, angry
Mood • Atmosphere of feeling created by a piece of art or writing – Creates a sense of expectation about what is to follow – Feeling in reading • Example: – Create mood of mystery around character or setting – Romantic, gloomy, optimistic, imaginary
Symbolism • Person, place or object which has a meaning in itself, but suggests other meanings as well • Things, characters and actions can be symbols • Meaning beyond the obvious Water = New Life Cross = Religion Black = Evil, Death
Personification Smile Sun • Give human qualities to an animal, an object, or an idea • Examples: – The whistling wind. – The trees were dancing in the wind. The smiling sun. The sun was smiling.
Imagery • Language that appeals to the senses • Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses • Examples: – He was a tall man. – The cat is soft.
Simile • Comparison between two unlike things, using words “like” or “as” • Example: – Her love is like a red rose.
Metaphor • Comparison between two unlike things • Does NOT use “like” or “as” • Example: Juliet IS the sun. =
Onomatopoeia • Sounds are spelled out as words • When words describing sounds sound like the sounds described • Examples: splash, buzz, bark, wow, gush, kerplunk
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