Poetry A Look Inside The Beauty of Language

Poetry: A Look Inside The Beauty of Language

Georgia Performance Standard l l l l ELA 6 W 2 The student demonstrates competence in a variety of genres. The student produces writing that: a. Engages readers by establishing and developing a plot, setting, and point of view that are appropriate to the story (e. g. , varied beginnings, standard plot line, cohesive devices, and a sharpened focus). b. Creates an organizing structure appropriate to purpose, audience, and context. d. Includes sensory details and concrete language to develop plot, setting, and character (e. g. , vivid verbs, descriptive adjectives, and varied sentence structures). f. Uses a range of strategies (e. g. , suspense, figurative language, dialogue, expanded vocabulary, flashback, movement, gestures, expressions, tone, and mood). g. Provides a sense of closure to the writing.

Learning Target l Today I am learning the different elements and types of poetry in order to learn figurative language.

Today’s Precept

Word Splash! (thinking about what you already know) l How much do you already know about these poetry terms?

“We don't read and write poetry because it's cute. We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race. The human race is filled with passion. Medicine, law, business, engineering; these are noble pursuits and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for. To quote from Whitman, "O me! O life!. . . of the questions of these recurring; of the endless trains of the faithless. . . of cities filled with the foolish; what good amid these, O me, O life? " Answer. That you are here - that life exists, and identity; that the powerful play goes on and you may contribute a verse. What will your verse be? ” - John Keating, Dead Poet’s Society

Poetry Terms You Need To Recognize: l Alliteration l Assonance l The repetition of the same or similar sounds at the beginning of words. l The repetition or a pattern of similar sounds, especially vowel sounds, as in the tongue twister "Moses supposes his l Examples: She sells seashells by the seashore and Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers toeses are roses. "

l Stanza- Two or more lines of poetry that together form one of the divisions of a poem. The stanzas of a poem are usually the same length and follow the same pattern of meter and rhyme. l Simile -A figure of speech in which two things are compared using the word "like" or "as. " l An example of a simile using like occurs in Langston Hughes's poem Harlem: "What happens to a dream deferred? / Does it dry up/ like a raisin in the sun? "

l Ballad l A type of poem, usually with three stanzas of seven, eight, or ten lines and a shorter final stanza (or envoy) of four or five lines. All stanzas end with the same one-line refrain. l Blank Verse l Poetry that is written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. l Fun Fact: Shakespeare wrote most of his plays in blank verse. l Couplet l In a poem, a pair of lines that are the same length and usually rhyme and form a complete thought. Shakespearean sonnets usually end in a couplet. Epic A long, serious poem that tells the story of a heroic figure. Fun fact: two of the most famous epic poems are the Iliad and the Odyssey by Homer, which tell about the Trojan War and the adventures of Odysseus on his voyage home after the war.

Oh yes, more terms! l Haiku- A Japanese poem composed of three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables. Haiku often reflect on some aspect of l Limerick- A light, humorous poem of five lines with the rhyme scheme of aabba. l Lyric- A poem, such as a sonnet or an ode, that expresses the nature. thoughts and feelings of the poet. A lyric poem may resemble a song in form or style.

l l Metaphor - A figure of speech in which two things are compared, usually by saying one thing is another, or by substituting a more descriptive word for the more common or usual word that would be expected. Some examples of metaphors: the world's a stage, he was a lion in battle, drowning in debt, and a sea of troubles. l Sonnet - A lyric poem that is 14 lines long. Italian (or Petrarchan) sonnets are divided into two quatrains and a six-line "sestet, " with the rhyme scheme abba cdecde (or cdcdcd). l English (or Shakespearean) sonnets are composed of three quatrains and a final couplet, with a rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg. English sonnets are written generally in iambic pentameter.

Idiom A language familiar to a group of people. l The meaning is the opposite of what is said. l Examples: That was easy as pie. Boy, my brain was cookin’! Back to Elements

Simile l Compares one thing to another using “like” or “as” Examples: The milk tasted like pickles. It was as dry as a bone. Life is like a box of chocolates. Back to Elements

Metaphor A comparison between two things which does not use like or as. l May sound false at first, but is a clever way to make a point. l Examples: My love is a rose. You are my sunshine. America is a melting pot. Back to Elements

Hyperbole l A large exaggeration, usually used with humor. Examples: Her feet were so big she could go water skiing without the skies. You could have knocked me over with a feather. Back to Elements

Personification l Assigning the qualities of a person to something that isn’t human. Examples: The leaves danced in the wind. Opportunity knocked on the door. At precisely 6: 30 a. m. my alarm clock sprang to life. Back to Elements

Symbolism l Grasp the meaning of "symbol. " Just as the American bald eagle is often thought of as the symbol of the United States, symbols used in literature are objects used to represent other things or ideas. l Recognize the signs. There are several ways to recognize symbolism in literature. One is the frequency an object or character is mentioned in a piece of literature--if it is mentioned often, it is probably important. Another way to find a symbol is to look at how much detail is used in describing an object. These two methods give clues that the writer wants you to infer something about a particular object.

Continued… l Trust your feelings. If an image or object described by the author makes you react in a certain way, you are probably on to something. Never discredit your own feelings just because you're a novice. It is very likely that the author planted the image in the work in a particular way to alert the reader that a symbol is important

Elizabeth Barrett Browning l Sonnet XLIII How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. I love thee to the level of everyday's Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. I love thee freely, as men strive for Right; I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints, -I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! - and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death.

Robert Frost The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I- I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. l

e. e. cummings i carry your heart with me (i carry it in my heart ) i am never without it anywhere i go you go, my dear; and whatever is done by only me is your doing, my darling) i fear no fate (for you are my fate, my sweet) i want no world (for beautiful you are my world, my true) and it's you are whatever a moon has always meant and whatever a sun will always sing is you here is the deepest secret nobody knows (here is the root of the root and the bud of the bud and the sky of a tree called life; which grows higher than soul can hope or mind can hide) and this is the wonder that's keeping the stars apart i carry your heart(i carry it in my heart)

Definition Poem l l l Definition Poem – “Freedom” What is Freedom? Freedom is Freedom is That’s Freedom! Emotions Poem l (Love, Anger, Peace, Serenity, Frustration, Joy, Sadness, Fear, Courage, Happiness, Anxiety, Disgust, Cheerfulness, Pride, Relief, Surprise, Exasperation, Envy, Suffering, Neglect, Nervousness, Disappointment, Optimism, Hope) see sample below l l Joy is bright green. It tastes like orange juice. It smells like sunshine. And reminds me of fireworks. It sounds like a crackling fire. Joy makes me feel like giggling.

Sensory Poem l Choose a topic l Finish the sentence l All of them must relate to the topic l I hear l I see l I smell l I taste l I feel l I know

Acrostic Poem Choose a topic l Spell the word vertically l Write a phrase that begins with that letter l l All the lines must be about the topic l l l W I N T E R

A list poem is one of the easiest kinds of poems to write because it doesn't require either rhythm or rhyme. But that doesn't mean you should write down anything helter skelter. Here's a list of elements that makes a list poem a poem instead of just a list: l 1) The writer is telling you something --pointing something out--saying, "Look at this" or, "Think about this. " 2) There's a beginning and an end to it, like in a story. 3) Each item in the list is written the same way.

Here's an example to show you what I mean: l What Bugs Me l When my teacher tells me to write a poem. When my mother tells me to clean up my room. When my sister practices her violin while I'm watching TV. When my father tells me to turn off the TV and do my homework. When my brother picks a fight with me and I have to go to bed early. When my teacher asks me to get up in front of the class and read the poem I wrote on the school bus.

Notice how this poem fulfills the three requirements listed above: l 1) It tells you what's bugging me. 2) It tells you that I wasn't thrilled with the assignment of writing a poem, and I got distracted at home and had to write the poem on the bus the next morning. 3) Every line has the same structure: "When my ____ does something to me. " To get yourself started writing a list poem about what's bothering you, write a list of people or things that bug you on the left side of your paper, and on the right side write what bugs you about those people or things. (Everyone likes to share pet peeves!) l

I Can’t Write Poem l All they have to do is to make a list of their favorite excuses/complaints they make every time you ask them to write a poem. Add just the right title and ending and voila! They've written a terrific list poem. l I Can't Write a Poem l Forget it. You must be kidding. I'm still half asleep. My eyes keep closing. My brain isn't working. I don't have a pencil. I don't have any paper. My desk is wobbly. I don't know what to write about. And besides, I don't even know how to write a poem. I've got a headache. I need to see the nurse. Time's up? Uh oh! All I have is this dumb list of excuses. You like it? Really? No kidding. Thanks a lot. Would you like to see another one?

I May Be Dreaming, But Wouldn't It Be Great If. . . …I were a genius who could get straight As in school without having to do any homework. …My parents let me eat dessert first and then anything else wanted. …My little sister moved to an island off the coast of Madagascar and I never heard from her again, except on my birthdays, when she'd send me a card with money in it. …Instead of making me go to Sunday school, my parents would take me and my girlfriend to the amusement park, where I could practice the Golden Rule on the roller coaster by holding her hand whenever she got scared. etc. I could go on, but I've been up all night. Maybe I'll just close my eyes and. . .

If I l Have the students write "If I ______" on a sheet of paper, and then ask them to fill in the blank with whatever comes to mind. You can choose from the list of examples or choices: "If I Were Invisible. " "If I Knew How to Fly. " "If I Had a Million Dollars. " "If I Had Done My Homework Last Night. " "If I Were Teacher for a Day. " "If I Played in the NBA. "

l Resolutions…. . l List at least 5 things that you will/will not do this year…. . l I Will Not l I Will

l AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL: Write a poem about yourself using this form or another poetry form. Line 1: __ Your name Line 2: _, _, _ 3 personal characteristics or physical traits Line 3: Brother or sister of__ or son/daughter of Line 4: Who loves__, and __ 3 people, things, ideas Line 5: Who feels__ about__1 emotion about 1 thing Line 6: Who needs__, and __ 3 things you need Line 7: Who gives __, and __3 objects you share Line 8: Who fears__, and __3 items Line 9: Who'd like to see, __1 place, or person Line 10: Who dreams of __ 1 item or idea Line 11: A student of__ your school or teacher's name Line 12: __ Nickname or repeat your first name

CINQUAIN l Cinquains have five lines Line 1: Title (noun) - 1 word Line 2: Description - 2 words Line 3: Action - 3 words Line 4: Feeling (phrase) - 4 words Line 5: Title (synonym for the title) - 1 word l Example: l Mom Helpful, caring Loves to garden Excitable, likes satisfying people Teacher

The Diamante l The text forms the shape of a diamond. Line 1: Noun or subject - one word Line 2: Two Adjectives that describe line 1 Line 3: Three 'ing words that describe line 1 Line 4: Four nouns - the first two are connected with line 1; the last two are connected with line 7 Line 5: Three 'ing words that describe line 7 Line 6: Two adjectives that describe line 7 Line 7: Noun Synonym for the subject

Haikus Traditional Japanese haiku had a total of seventeen syllables divided into three clumps (or lines): l five syllables seven syllables five syllables l Usually about nature l

Couplets are made up of two lines whose last words rhyme. They are often silly. An example is The cat ate a mouse And then brought it in the house. Triplets are made up of three lines. The rhyming pattern can be AAA or ABA. An example is What a fine day To go out to play In the month of May. Quatrains are made up of four lines. The rhyming pattern can be AABB or ABAB. An example is I never saw a purple cow, I never hope to see one: But I can tell you, anyhow, I'd rather see than be one.

l l l Alliteration: The repetition of the initial consonant. There should be at least two repetitions in a row. Hyperbole: A type of figurative language. It is often confused with a simile or a metaphor because it often compares two objects. The difference is a hyperbole is an exaggeration. Imagery: The language that evokes one or all of the five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, touching. Metaphor: It is a comparison between two things, based on resemblance or similarity, without using "like" or "as" Meter: he measured arrangement of words in poetry, as by accentual rhythm, syllabic quantity, or the number of syllables in a line. Onomatopoeia: Onomatopoeia is a word that imitates the sound it represents. Personification: Personification is a figure of speech in which human qualities are attributed to an animal, object, or idea. Repetition: Repetition of a sound, syllable, word, phrase, line, stanza, or metrical pattern is a basic unifying device in all poetry. Rhyme: The basic definition of rhyme is two words that sound alike. The vowel sound of two words is the same, but the initial consonant sound is different. Simile: A simile is a comparison between two things ; a simile is expressed by the words like or as. Stanza: A number of lines or verses forming a division of a song or poem