PNU Cognitive Lab 3 What is attention Concentration
공항 관제탑 PNU Cognitive Lab 3
What is attention? Concentration? Selection? Capacity limitation? Automaticity? 정보처리에서의 제약? 인지심리학에서 attention 연구 – Perceptual attention – Attention in complex actions – Centralized process directing attention PNU Cognitive Lab 5
William James PNU Cognitive Lab 6
William James(1842 -1910) Everyone knows what attention is. It is the taking possession by the mind, in clear and vivid form, of one out of what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought. Focalization, concentration of consciousness are of its essence. It implies withdrawal from some things in order to deal effectively with others, and is a condition which has a real opposite in the confused, dazed, scatterbrain state… PNU Cognitive Lab 7
주의집중의 기능 정보처리의 제어 – – – 선택기능(selection) 할당기능(allocation) 경계기능(vigilance) Medin 등 – – – Focusing Perceptual enhancement Binding Sustaining behavior Action selection PNU Cognitive Lab 8
Attention in sensory processes Span of apprehension 파악폭 G. Sperling(1960) – Whole report vs. – Partial report technique – Iconic memory vs. echoic memory – 감각기억의 용량은 상대적으로 크지만, 주의 를 기울이지 않으면 짧은 시간에 사라진다. PNU Cognitive Lab 9
칵테일파티 효과 PNU Cognitive Lab 10
두귀 따로 듣기와 따라 말하기 (Dichotic listening & Shadowing) PNU Cognitive Lab 12
PNU Cognitive Lab 14
PNU Cognitive Lab 15
선택적 주의 모형 PNU Cognitive Lab 18
Kahneman(1973) Capacity model PNU Cognitive Lab 20
시각탐색(Visual Search) 다음 그림에서 녹색 L을 찾아보라 PNU Cognitive Lab 22
Visual Search O을 찾아라 PNU Cognitive Lab 23
Visual Search R을 찾아라 PNU Cognitive Lab 24
탐색과제(Search task) PNU Cognitive Lab 25
PNU Cognitive Lab 29
시각탐색과제 Schneider & Shiffrin(1977) PNU Cognitive Lab 32
스트룹과제(Stroop task) PNU Cognitive Lab 33
- Slides: 38