Please sit in your assigned seats and quietly

Please sit in your assigned seats and quietly follow the directions below: Please answer the following question in your bell ringer notebook: 5) From the following list, identify the Englishman who first scandalized his prominent English family by becoming a Quaker, but who later convinced the King, an old friend, to grant him land in the "New World" that would later be named for himself. A) William Penn B) William Pitt C) William York D) William Oglethorpe Explain your answer!

USHC Standard 1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the conflicts between regional and national interest in the development of democracy in the United States. USHC 1. 2: Analyze the early development of representative government and political rights in the American colonies, including the influence of the British political system and the rule of law as written in the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights, and the conflict between the colonial legislatures and the British Parliament over the right to tax that resulted in the American Revolutionary War. REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT IN ENGLAND THE AMERICAN COLONIES

Why did representative government develop in the American colonies? …as a result of both the transfer of ideas of representative government from England the circumstances of the New World Influences from Great Britain: 1. The Magna Carta recognized the rights of Englishmen to be consulted on the levying of taxes and to have their rights protected by a jury of their peers. a. Levy: an imposing or collecting, as in tax, by authority or force 2. English political tradition also included the rule of law, the principle that every member of society must obey the law, even the king. 3. The English Bill of Rights stated that… a. The people have the right to be consulted, through their representatives, on the levying of taxes b. The power of the king should be limited by the Parliament c. The people have the right to religious freedom William III and Mary II

Why did representative government develop in England? During the English civil war the English government left the colonies fairly much alone to develop their political institutions. King James was overthrown in the Glorious Revolution after almost a century of struggle between the king and Parliament. William and Mary replaced King James, and agreed to abide by the English Bill of Right. William and Mary were forced to recognize the supremacy of Parliament and its right to make tax law. a. Supremacy: supreme authority or power In response to the Glorious Revolution, John Locke wrote that man had natural rights to life, liberty and property, that people established a social contract in order to form the government, and that the authority to govern rests on the will of the people. John Locke

Why did the colonists assume these rights applied to them? Colonial charters to America granted by the king included statements declaring that English colonists continued to enjoy the rights of Englishmen. In the American colonies, the settlers applied the principles of the right of the legislature to levy taxes and the rule of law. Charter Colonies in America: Connecticut Massachusetts Bay Rhode Island Charter Colony: In a charter colony, the King granted a charter to the colonial government establishing the rules under which the colony was to be governed.

How did the colonists use representative government? 1. The Virginia Company allowed the colonists in Jamestown to start the House of Burgesses as a way of maintaining order in the colony and attracting new colonists. a. Only property owners were allowed to vote, so power was limited to the socially elite Did the Virginia colonists have a truly democratic government? NO! And, by the 1620 s the king appointed a royal governor to Virginia, which further limited democracy.

How did the colonists use representative government? 2. In New England, the Mayflower Compact is an early example of the principle that government derives its authority from the people. a. The Puritan church was governed by the male members of the congregation who also governed their civil society through town meetings b. Each town in New England sent representatives to the General Court in Boston c. First, only male members of the church could vote; however, the right to vote was extended to all male property owners by the end of the 1700 s Did the New England colonists truly have a democratic government? NO! All thirteen colonies established a representative assembly which had the right to levy taxes.

Why did the colonists have so much freedom? 1. The control that Parliament was able to exert on the colonies was limited by distance and desire. 2. After the 1720’s the English government followed a policy of salutary neglect, leaving the colonists to govern themselves. 3. Their colonial assemblies had the right to tax the citizens of the colonies. MAIN IDEA: It was the change in this policy that riled the colonists into revolt.

SALUTARY NEGLECT Undocumented, but long standing, British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, meant to keep American colonies obedient to Great Britain

Create your own Colony In your groups you will create your own colony 1. Name your colony, pick the region it will be in (based on yesterday’s chart) and create a flag 2. Use your 5 laws as the basis of your colony 1. Explain why you chose the laws you did, as well as the consequences for breaking each of the laws 3. How will government work in your colony? 1. Will people vote? Will politicians be appointed? Will you have a King, or a representative government? 4. Explain the economics of your colony, based on the region you chose (use yesterday’s chart!) 5. Present your colony to the class