Please provide TA evaluation and feedback http tinyurl
Please provide TA evaluation and feedback! http: //tinyurl. com/TA-eval-winter-2013
• Don’t confuse motor cortex neurons with motor neurons! • 1 motor neuron innervates: • 1 muscle • 1 type of fiber (slow or fast twitch) within that muscle • Many fibers of that type • Know the properties of slow and fast twitch • Purposeful movement depends on muscle synergy • Fine tuning of muscle synergy leads to skilled movement
motor control involves the selection of muscle synergies by several different systems • Interneurons in the spinal chord corticospinal (motor cortex output) • Either excitatory or inhibitory vestibulospinal reticulospinal (mesencephalic locomotor region) rubrospinal (receives output from cerebellum) • Allows contralateral motor neurons to influence ipsilateral ones • Receives converging and diverging inputs from the 4 pathways • 1 MCN can innervate different motor neurons vv vv
• Premotor cortex neurons • Action mapping, action planning, and sequence dependent action mapping neurons • Neurons responsive to different segments of action sequence • Mirror neurons
• Cue-delay and action-delay neurons in the prefrontal and parietal cortex • Shows direction preference • PFC neurons can extract rules from a task • May signal the beginning and end of a task, regardless of order or length
• Both cue-delay and action-delay neurons shows preference for delays of different lengths regardless of what cue is associated • Can show preference for numerosity regardless of stimulus type
• PFC shows delay activity to specific action patterns • Parietal cortex delay activity goes away after PFC inactivation
• In V 4, attention index reflect conditional probability • In IT, response to non-preferred stimuli is suppressed
True or false? There are excitatory interneurons in the spinal cord.
Short answer: Muscle fibers can be divided into ___ and ___ types.
Short answer: A motor cortex neuron innervate(s) [one / many] motor neuron(s). A motor neuron receives projection(s) from [one / many] motor cortex neuron(s).
Multiple choice: Which is not a corticospinal motor pathway? A. Rubrospinal B. Reticulospinal C. Striatospinal D. Corticospinal E. None of the above
True or false: When attending inside the receptive field, V 4 neuron activity degrades over time.
True or false: The attention index reflects change probability.
Short answer: What happens to the neuronal activity in IT when attending to a neuron’s preferred stimulus?
True or false: PFC neurons are selective for different stimuli that represent, say, the number 3.
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