Plate Tectonics Vocabulary Inner core Mantle Outer core

Plate Tectonics Vocabulary ü Inner core ü Mantle ü Outer core ü Crust ü Protoplanet hypothesis ü Asthenosphere ü Epicenter ü Composite volcano ü Converging boundary ü Diverging boundary ü Subduction ü Fault ü Lithosphere ü Plate tectonics ü Spreading centers ü Earthquake ü Sill & Dike

EARTH’S ORIGIN & STRUCTURE

Origin Facts 1. Earth, sun and other planets are believed to be 4. 6 billion years old. 2. This estimate is created through dating of rocks. 3. All the planets revolve in the same direction (counter-clockwise when viewed from the North Pole) around the sun. 4. The path of the planets are elliptical. 5. The planet paths are nearly in the same plane (flat surface. ) 6. Most of the planets have moons

Protoplanet Hypothesis 1. Great ball of dust and gas slowly rotates in space. 2. Gravity compressed the ball. 3. The compression made the ball rotate faster, & the compressed material reacted into a hot core (Sun) 4. Material around the ball compacted into masses called protoplanets.

Origin of the Oceans & Atmosphere 1. Oceans: volcanoes produced gas vapor that condensed into the oceans 2. Atmosphere: Sunlight broke up water molecules into oxygen, & volcanoes released gases. a. ) green plants also add Oxygen through photosynthesis.

Structure of the Solid Earth Crust: (10 Km Thick at ocean basin, 65 Km at mountain top) Outer Core: (2250 Km thick) Mantle: (2900 KM thick) Inner Core: (1200 K m thick)

Crust: solid rock, includes dry and wet land. a. Continental crust- made of granite b. Oceanic crust- made of basalt (more dense than granite).

Mantle: hot but solid, turns softer as you go deeper a. Lithosphere: Upper, rigid part of the mantle b. Asthenosphere: Middle, soft layer of the mantle c. Lower Mantle: Beneath the Asthenosphere, extends to the Earth’s outer core

Core: made up of mostly metals, very hot! a. outer core: liquid metal b. inner core: solid, dense metal

Seismic waves Waves travel at different speeds through liquids & solids. (Also different types of minerals) http: //science. discovery. com/tv-shows/greatestdiscoveries/videos/100 greatest-discoveries-thecore-of-the-earth. htm

Meteorite Show similar metals to what we believe the core is made of!