Plate Tectonics Earthquakes and Volcanoes Structure of the

Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Structure of the Earth What are the different layers of the Earth?

Structure of the Earth Inner core 6000°C Solid metal

Structure of the Earth Outer core 4500 -6000°C Liquid metal

Structure of the Earth Mantle 200 -4000°C Solid rock

Structure of the Earth Crust 0 -200°C Solid rock

What are these slabs? - Volcanoes - Earthquakes

Major plates North American plate Eurasian plate Caribbean plate Cocos plate Pacific plate African plate Nazca plate South America n plate Indian plate Philippin e plate Australian plate Antarctic plate

Divergent boundary

Convergent boundary

Transform boundary

Hot Spot

Hawaiian Islands Transform San Andreas Fault Divergent Iceland Himalayas Hot Spot’ Convergent Japan

Now it’s your turn! Travel across the map using the site information sheets to fill in your plate tectonics passport!

Answers and site summaries

d n a l Ice Krafla Bardabunga Hekla Eyjafjallajökull www. guidetoiceland. is Grímsvötn Katla = volcano

Answers! Iceland , a l f a r K , l l u k ö j a l l a j f a j y E Katla, a g n u b a d r a B , a l k e H , n Grimsvot Ash particles from volcanic ash clouds can damage aeroplane engines Geothermal energy from the Earth can used to heat homes and generate electricity

s a y a l a m i The H

! s r e Answ The Himal ayas Convergent plate boundary A huge earthquake occurred in Nepal in April 2015 The rocks at the top of Mount Everest contain ossils from ancient sea creatures. These rocks must’ve been formed under the sea before they became part of the mountain.

n a p Ja

! s r e Answ Japan Convergen t plate bou ndary Tsunamis are huge waves that can be triggered by earthquakes. When they crash on land they can kill and injure thousands of people and completely wipe out buildings and homes. e r i F f o g n i R c i Pacif

San And reas fau lt

Answers! San Andreas Fault A transform boundary is where plates are moving alongside each other f o e d u t i n g a m e h t e r u s a e m n a c s t Geologis a d e l l a c t n e m u r t s n i n a g n i s u y b s e k earthqua seismometer. The Pacific plate and the North American plate are moving in a North W est direction

i i a w Ha Shield volcano

! s r e w Ans ntle slope Hawaii Thick lava Runny lava Steep slope Shield volcano Basalt forms from shield volcanoes Stratovolcano

! a r t x E Make a fact file about a past earthquake or volcanic eruption.

Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes and Volcanoes