PLANTS How Its Made Transport Plant Food Flower

PLANTS!

How It’s Made Transport Plant Food Flower “Babies” Signals and Hormones 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

100 A tiny extension of a root epidermal cell, growing just behind the root tip and increasing surface area for absorption of water and minerals. What is a root hair Continue

200 A microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchange between the environment and the interior of the plant. What is a stoma Continue

300 A flowering plant that completes its entire life cycle in a single year or growing season. What is an annual Continue

400 Wood consists of secondary ______. What is xylem Continue

500 A waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that acts as an adaptation to prevent drying out of terrestrial plants. What is a cuticle Continue

600 A petiole What is the “stalk” of a leaf Continue

700 A vessel element would likely lose its protoplast in this area of growth in a root What is the zone of maturation Continue

800 Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length. What is an apical meristem Continue

900 This “type” of plant cell carries on most of the plant’s metabolic function, such as photosynthesis and storage; they have large vacuoles and lack secondary walls. What is parenchyma Continue

1000 For primary growth of roots to occur, this “region of growth” includes cells that lengthen to many times their original size to push the root tip through the soil. What is the zone of elongation Continue

100 Phloem sap flows from a sugar _______, where it is produced by photosynthesis or broken down from starch, to a sugar _______, an organ that consumes or stores the sugar. What is the source, sink Continue

200 A membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell, separating the cytosol from the vacuolar contents, called cell sap; also known as the vacuolar membrane. What is a tonoplast Continue

300 The focus of Lab 9; the evaporative loss of water from a plant. What is transpiration Continue

400 A walled cell of a plant becomes very firm or _______ if it has a greater solute concentration than its surroundings, resulting in entry of water. What is turgid Continue

500 A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane via osmosis. What is a aquaporin Continue

600 A category of plants that have adapted to an arid climate. What are xerophytes Continue

700 The productivity of a crop declines when leaves begin to wilt mainly because of “this” What is stomata close, preventing CO 2 from entering the leaf. Continue

800 The transpirational flow of xylem sap is transmitted from leaves to root tips because 1)water is attracted to itself and 2)water is attracted to the hydrophilic walls of the narrow xylem elements. These 2 processes are known as: What is cohesion; adhesion Continue

900 Water potential is found by use of this calculation: What is Water potential = solute potential + pressure potential Continue

1000 Root pressure may cause this; water droplets come out of the leaves when more water is forced up the xylem than is transpired by the plant. What is guttation Continue

100 The most common form of human malnutrition is _____deficiency. To combat this problem, agricultural researchers have been developing enriched corn, wheat, rice. What is protein Continue

200 The most fertile of all soils, made up of roughly equal amounts of sand, silt, and clay What is loam Continue

300 The alternation of planting a nonlegume one year and a legume the next year to restore concentration of fixed nitrogen in the soil. What is crop rotation Continue

400 This is an example of a “macromolecule” that the macronutrient, PHOSPHORUS, is a necessary component of. What are nucleic acids, phospholipids and even ATP and some coenzymes. Continue

500 Phytoremediation is a nondestructive technology that cheaply reclaims contaminated areas by using some plant species to extract “these substances” from the soil and concentrating them in easily harvested portions of the plant What are heavy metals or pollutants Continue

600 Most of the mass of organic material of a plant comes from this molecule. What is carbon dioxide Continue

700 This is the main reason why leaves of plants grown without humus were yellowish compared with those of the plants grown in humusenriched soil. What is: the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron, needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll. Continue

800 Most micronutrients function in “this” way. What is as cofactors for enzymes Continue

900 This is an enzyme complex, unique to certain prokaryotes, that reduces N 2 to NH 3. What is nitrogenase Continue

1000 A plant that nourishes itself but grows on the surface of another plant for support, usually on the branches or trunks of tropical trees. What is an epiphyte Continue

100 A mature ovary of a flower that protects dormant seeds and aids in their dispersal. What is a fruit Continue

200 The modified leaves that are often colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to insects and other pollinators What are petals Continue

300 An incomplete flower lacks one or more of the four basic floral organs. List three of the four “organs”. What are sepals, petals, stamens, or carpels Continue

400 In flowers, this is the portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop. What is the ovary Continue

500 This condition is needed by almost all seeds to break dormancy? What is inbibition Continue

600 A plant that has small, green petals is most likely to be pollinated by ___________. What is the wind Continue

700 An individual plant or animal is said to be _______if its genome contains a gene introduced from another organism What is transgenic Continue

800 This angiosperm mechanism occurs when two sperm cells unite with two cells in the embryo sac to form the zygote and endosperm. What is double fertilization Continue

900 ____ is to male gametophyte as _____ is to female gametophyte. What are pollen grain; embryo sac Continue

1000 This is the reason why development of Bt crops to raises concerns What is: if Bt toxin genes "escape" to related weed species, the hybrid weeds could have harmful ecological effects. Continue

100 This hormone, also known as ABA, slows down plant growth by hindering the actions of growth hormones. What is abscisic acid Continue

200 Certain plants can only flower when the day length is “longer” than a certain number of hours. These plants are called ______ plants. What is long-day Continue

300 Growth of a plant shoot toward or away from light What is phototropism Continue

400 Ethylene is almost always associated with the programmed cell death of cells or organs. This cell death is also known as ________ What is apoptosis Continue

500 This is the category of hormones that stimulates elongation of coleoptiles. What are auxins. Continue

600 An example of etiolation is the growth pattern of a sprouting potato shoot breaking ground. Etiolation lacks adequate _____. What is sunlight Continue

700 A plant produces _____ in response to severe heat stress which help reduce protein denaturation. What are heat shock proteins Continue

800 Buds and sprouts often form on tree stumps. These types of hormones stimulate their formation? What are cytokinins Continue

900 Most climbing plants have tendrils that coil rapidly around supports, exhibiting thigmotropism or directional growth in response to “this” What is touch Continue

1000 “This signal” travels from the leaves to buds when the leaves detect a photoperiod and start flowering. What is florigen Continue