Plants B 3 2 Seedless Plants Seedless Plants

Plants B 3. 2 Seedless Plants

Seedless Plants Nonvascular plants are usually just a few cells thick and only 2 cm to 5 cm in height. n Instead of roots, threadlike structures called rhizoids (RI zoydz) anchor them where they grow. n Water is absorbed and distributed directly through their cell membranes and cell walls. n

Rhizoids – white strands

Seedless Plants They reproduce by spores. n Mosses and liverworts are important in the ecology of many areas. n Organisms that are the first to grow in new or disturbed areas are called pioneer species. n

Moss and Liverworts

Seedless Plants The largest group of seedless vascular plants is the ferns. n Fern leaves are called fronds. n When water is scarce, the club mosses curls up and seems dead. n When water becomes available, the resurrection plant unfurls its green leaves and begins making food again. n

Seedless Plants Like the club mosses, spores from horsetails are produced in a conelike structure at the tips of some stems. n Horsetails have been used to polish objects, sharpen tools, and scour cooking utensils n Seedless vascular plants have been used to treat bee stings, burns, fevers and dandruff.

Seedless Plants Rhizoids Spores Pioneer Species Ferns Club moss Horsetails Use of seedless vascular plants