Plantaginaceae The Plantain or Snapdragon Family Vegetative Features

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Plantaginaceae The Plantain (or Snapdragon) Family

Plantaginaceae The Plantain (or Snapdragon) Family

Vegetative Features - Herbs with round stems - leaves alternate or opposite

Vegetative Features - Herbs with round stems - leaves alternate or opposite

Preliminary Plant Collection Review • Nomenclature needs to be current. Check every authority name

Preliminary Plant Collection Review • Nomenclature needs to be current. Check every authority name in Go Botany. • Label must give state, county, and town. • Each specimen must include underground parts and flowers, fruits, or sporangia. • Remember to include the AUTHORITY (Go Botany) collection number after the binomial name • Collecting in UVM Natural Areas – including Centennial Woods – is not allowed.

Reproductive Features Flowers 4 - or 5 -partate, usually zygomorphic, often bilabiate (twolipped)

Reproductive Features Flowers 4 - or 5 -partate, usually zygomorphic, often bilabiate (twolipped)

Androecium commonly of 4 didynamous stamens fused to the corolla. (Two stamens in the

Androecium commonly of 4 didynamous stamens fused to the corolla. (Two stamens in the genus Veronica, the speedwells. )

In many genera and species, a fifth stamen is present, modified as a staminode.

In many genera and species, a fifth stamen is present, modified as a staminode.

 • Ovary superior, of two fused carpels • Style terminal • Fruit a

• Ovary superior, of two fused carpels • Style terminal • Fruit a many-seeded capsule

Three Families Compared Lamiaceae Boraginaceae Plantaginaceae Leaf Position Opposite Alternate Opposite or Alternate Stem

Three Families Compared Lamiaceae Boraginaceae Plantaginaceae Leaf Position Opposite Alternate Opposite or Alternate Stem shape, x. s. Often square Round Corolla symmetry Bilateral Radial or bilateral Usually bilateral Stamen number Usually 4 5 Usually 4 Style Position Gynobasic Terminal Fruit Type 4 nutlets capsule gynobasic style

Economic Importance: Digitalis (foxglove) is the source of digitalin, a cardiac glycoside used in

Economic Importance: Digitalis (foxglove) is the source of digitalin, a cardiac glycoside used in the treatment of heart disease. Also numerous ornamentals, e. g. , foxglove, snapdragon

Local Flora Chelone glabra turtlehead Veronica americana American brooklime

Local Flora Chelone glabra turtlehead Veronica americana American brooklime

Nuttallanthus canadensis Canada toadflax Plantago major Plantain

Nuttallanthus canadensis Canada toadflax Plantago major Plantain

Orobanchaceae Plants with similar flower structure that are hemi-parasitic (they do photosynthesis, but are

Orobanchaceae Plants with similar flower structure that are hemi-parasitic (they do photosynthesis, but are also root parasites) have recently been placed in the family Orobanchaceae, along with fully parasitic plants such as beechdrops. Melampyrum lineare cow-wheat Pedicularis canadensis lousewort

Lamiales Former Scrophulariaceae Beechdrops family Mint family

Lamiales Former Scrophulariaceae Beechdrops family Mint family

Plantaginaceae Ca 4 -5 Coz 4 -5 A 2, 4 G 2

Plantaginaceae Ca 4 -5 Coz 4 -5 A 2, 4 G 2