Plant Vascular System and Transpiration Plant Vascular System

Plant Vascular System and Transpiration

Plant Vascular System

Plant Vascular System Function n The plant vascular system takes water and nutrients from the ground, through the root system, and up into the leaves, flower petals and fruits.

Plant Vascular System Xylem – vascular tissue in plants that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant. The presence of xylem allows a gardener to only have to water the soil around a plant, not the actual plant leaves. Since Xylem carries water, water flow can act as a skeletal system providing the plant support

Plant Vascular System n n n Phloem- Phloem has a similar function to the xylem, except that phloem moves nutrients throughout the plant instead of water. Transports carbohydrates made during photosynthesis. Nutrients required by plants n Macronutrients n Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium n Micronutrients n Chlorine n Iron n Manganese

Transpiration

Transpiration – loss of water from a plant through it’s leaves. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. water enters the root. moves up the vascular tissue (xylem). enters the leaves. exits the leaves by way of the stomata. evaporates into the atmosphere.

Transpiration The movement is caused by the combination of root pressure and capillary action which provides enough force to move water through the xylem tissue of even the tallest plant.

Transpiration Roots are responsible to bringing the water into the plant.

Transpiration Because roots grow in soil, scientists must find unique methods to study them. This clover root is growing in agar so it can be observed.

Transpiration Vocabulary Stoma (stomata) – opening in the underside of a leaf that allows CO 2 and O 2 to diffuse into and out of the leaf.

Transpiration Vocabulary Guard Cells - cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. (Remember hypotonic and hypertonic vocab. ) Stomatal Closing 1. Potassium ions move out of the vacuole and out of the cells. 2. Water moves out of the vacuoles, following the potassium ions. 3. The guard cells shrink in size. 4. The stoma closes. Stomatal opening 1. Potassium ions move into the vacuoles. 2. Water moves into the vacuoles, following potassium ions. 3. The guard cells expand. 4. The stoma opens.

Transpiration

Transpiration True or False? ? Animals respire, plants do not. False! Plants have mitochondria too. Plants take in H 2 O from the roots and CO 2 from the leaves to make O 2. The mitochondria in the plant then converts the O 2 and C 6 H 12 O 6 into the energy (ATPs) the plant needs in order to grow and perform biological processes.

Transpiration Pearson Lab Bench Activity http: //www. phschool. com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab 9/intro. html Videos http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=t. RNe_UHw 7 F 4&featur e=related http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=mc 9 g. Um 1 m. Mzc Informative video: http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=f. Nt. Fw. Q 4 Np. Dg