Plant Tissue Culture B Sc final year Plant

Plant Tissue Culture B. Sc final year

Plant Tissue Culture • Tissue culture is a technique by which a small group of plant cells can be maintained indefinitely on an artificial nutritive medium as small undifferentiated clumps of cells called callus. • Callus can be further be sub-cultured , multiplied or induced to differentiated into roots, shoots and finally into whole plant • The concepts of tissue culture was originated by Haberlandt (1902) who succesfully cultured fully differentiated plant cells in vitro.

Cellular Totipotency • Cellular totipotency is defined as the capability of every living cell of a multicellular organism to regenerate into a new organism independently when cultured in asuitable medium in appropriate conditions • The first totipotency experimental evidence was given by F. C. Steward et. al. (1905) by culturing cells of phloem tissue of carrot roots

Differentiation • Differentiation is the phenomenon of development in which unspecialized cells undergo distinct morphological and physiological specialization • Non dividing quiscent cells when cultured on the nutritive medium can be stimulated to transform into merstematic cells which leads to the formation of callus is called dedifferentiation • The process of differentiation of callus cells into whole plant is called redifferentiation • This ability of mature cells to regenerate into new plant through the phenomenon of diffrentiation and redifferentiation demonstrates that the most of living cells are totipotent

Requirements for tissue culture • 1. laboratory furnished with equipments • 2. aseptic conditions • 3. nutritive medium