Plant Cells Structure and Function Eukaryotic Plant Cell

Plant Cells: Structure and Function

Eukaryotic Plant Cell

Characteristics of ALL Cells All pro and eukaryotic cells have the following: • Cell membrane- An outer boundary which is also • • called the plasma membrane Cytoplasm- The interior of a cell; just the liquid is called cytosol. Cytoskeleton (microtubules/microfilaments)Protein filaments (thread-like structures) that are important in cell movement, shape and division Ribosomes- Structures that do not have a membrane and make proteins DNA- hereditary information

Eukaryotic Organelles

Organelles that Surround the Cell • Cell membrane- “Selects” what can enter and leave the cell. • Cell wall – Surrounds the cell membrane and provides structure and support – Made of cellulose- long carbohydrate chain

Organelles inside the cell • Nucleus – Directs the cell’s activities – Houses DNA – Houses the nucleolus • where ribosomes are made

• Endoplasmic reticulum – System of membranes that move proteins around inside the cell- “intracellular highway” – Can be smooth or rough • rough has ribosomes attached to it and smooth does not • ribosomes can also be found in the cytosol • Golgi apparatus • Flattened sacs • Processes proteins into vesicles (membrane bound sacs)

• Mitochondria – Produces ATP- form of energy that can be used by the cell. – Has a double membrane • Outer membrane is smooth and the inner membrane (cristae) is folded. – Has its own DNA • Chloroplast – Where photosynthesis occurs – Has its own DNA and a double membrane

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

• Central Vacuole – Large – Stores water, nutrients and waste

“Typical” Plant Cell