Planned Parenthood Shea Maloney Phil Wattwood Victoria Benbow

Planned Parenthood Shea Maloney Phil Wattwood Victoria Benbow Alexandria Bennett Matthew Dodd Adrian Maxwell Brenna Thomson

Step 1: Identify the ethical question Should the federal government fund planned parenthood?

Background ◦ Founded on October 16, 1916 by Margaret Sanger as a birth control clinic in Brooklyn, NY ◦ Non-profit organization providing reproductive health and maternal and child health services

Mission “Planned Parenthood believes in the fundamental right of each individual, throughout the world, to manage his or her fertility, regardless of the individual's income, marital status, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, age, national origin, or residence. We believe that respect and value for diversity in all aspects of our organization are essential to our well-being. We believe that reproductive selfdetermination must be voluntary and preserve the individual's right to privacy. We further believe that such self-determination will contribute to an enhancement of the quality of life and strong family relationships. ”

Goals Ø to provide comprehensive reproductive and complementary health care services in settings which preserve and protect the essential privacy and rights of each individual Ø to advocate public policies which guarantee these rights and ensure access to such services Ø to provide educational programs which enhance understanding of individual and societal implications of human sexuality Ø to promote research and the advancement of technology in reproductive health care and encourage understanding of their inherent bioethical, behavioral, and social implications

Planned Parenthood • Specialize in providing high-quality, affordable health care for women, and young people, and the nation's largest provider of sex education. Ø 59 independent local affiliates that operate more the 650 health centers throughout the United States ØPlanned Parenthood often is the only source of family planning for a large proportion of the women who are served

Planned Parenthood ØLargest and most trusted provider of reproductive health services in the U. S. ØOver 650 affiliated health centers ØServe 5 million women, and adolescents worldwide Ø 84% of patients are 20 years of age or older ØEstimated 1 in 5 women in the U. S. have visited a Planned Parenthood health center at least once in her life

Services Other women's health services 10% • Sexual Education Abortion 3% Other Services 1% STD/STI Testing and Treatment 35% • Pregnancy prevention and birth control • Abortion • STD Screening and treatment • Pregnancy test and prenatal care Cancer Screening/Prevention 16% Contraception 35%

Planned Parenthood v. The Government Ø 1970 Congress and President Nixon sign into law Title X ØMaking contraceptives available regardless of income Ø 1980 Ronald Regan Became the first US President to Oppose abortion Ø 1993 President Clinton repeals the gag rule put in place by President Reagan Ø 2003 President Bush signed into law an abortion ban

Step 2: What are the facts?

Birth Control Contraception only accounts for 34% of the services provided Planned Parenthood also provides services such as vasectomies, female sterilization, and emergency contraception kits (morning after pill) Prevented 578, 681 unintended pregnancies in 2014 2, 945, 059 birth control information and services provided in 2014 931, 589 emergency contraception kits provided in 2014

Abortion ØAccount for about 12% of the services provided Ø 9% are partially covered by planned parenthood Ø 3% are completely covered (if medically necessary) Ø Made up 328, 000 of Planned Parenthood’s services out of 10. 6 million services provided. ØEstimated number of abortions averted by Planned Parenthood contraceptive services in a single year: 197, 000 12%

STD Screening and Preventative Services 42% of services provided are STD screening and treatment 4. 2 million tests and treatments were provided in 2014 651, 695 HIV tests in 2014 271, 539 Pap smears in 2014 363, 803 Breast exams in 2014

Pregnancy and Prenatal Care Provided 1. 1 million pregnancy tests in 2013 Prenatal care was provided to 18, 684 people in 2013

Step 2: What are the facts? How much does the government pay to planned parenthood ? • In 2013 -2014 received $1. 3 Billion in revenue.

Funding Breakdown 2013 -14 Expenses Other 1% • $769, 100, 000 was spent on Medical services • $44, 600, 000 was spent on Sexual Education Fundraising 5% Management and General Support 12% Non-Medical Program Services 16% Medical Services 66%

Title X ◦ Title ten is part of the US Public Health Service Act ◦ Provides federal funds for project grants to public and private non-profit orgs for family planning information and services ◦ Majority of Title X clients are low income, uninsured and do not qualify for Medicaid ◦ Title X funding cannot be used in programs where abortion is a method of family planning ◦ Title X funds can only be used towards an abortion if: ◦ (1) the pregnancy is the result of an act of rape or an act of incest ◦ (2) a physician certifies that the woman suffered from a physical disorder, injury, or illness that would place the woman in danger of death unless an abortion is performed, including a condition caused by or arising from the pregnancy. Excludes hospitals from such requirement so long as the hospital does not provide funds to any non-hospital entity that performs an abortion.

Step 3: What is the perspective of all stakeholders? STAKEHOLDERS • A person, group or organization that has interest or concern in an organization. • Stakeholders can affect or be affected by the organization's actions, objectives and policies 1. Tax Payers 2. Government Officials 3. Society 4. PP employees and business associates

Step 3: What is the perspective of all stakeholders? TAX PAYERS • Tax money funds Planned Parenthood making tax payers stakeholders • As a tax payer you should have an interest in where your tax dollars are being spent. • You should be knowledgeable about Planned Parenthood because you've essentially invested in them monetarily.

Step 3: What is the perspective of all stakeholders? GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS • Government officials make the ultimate decision on how and where tax money is spent. • They are the ones allocating funds they are also stakeholders in Planned Parenthood and their operations.

Step 3: What is the perspective of all stakeholders? SOCIETY • Planned Parenthood is a free/ low-cost clinic that offers their services to the community • The overall health state and well being of your surrounding peers directly effects you and your health.

Step 3: What is the perspective of all stakeholders? PLANNED PARENTHOOD EMPLOYEES AND BUSINESS ASSOCIATES • Planned Parenthood is a business and their financial standing effects many people and the surrounding economy. • If business is thriving it secures jobs within the clinic and strengthens ties with contracted suppliers and vendors. Leading to possible expansions. • If business is poor it could result in budget cuts, lay offs and potentially closing down clinics. • These factors combined make not only the employees and business associates stake holders but the clinics surrounding economy as well.

Step 4: What are the options in the case? States can chose to…. ◦ Fund planned parenthood ◦ Defund planned parenthood

Step 4: What are the options in the case? PROS FUND CONS • Credible and up to date information • pro-life community tax money on sensitive topics is publicly towards Planned Parenthood accessible violates their morality o Body image o Gender/sexuality o Men’s sexual health • More access to woman’s health care services for low-income women. • The need for government funding is debatable.

Step 4: What are the options in the case? DEFUND PRO’S • Opponents of Planned Parenthood no longer have their tax money going towards a cause they do not believe in. • Planned Parenthood functions as a non-profit organization, so it can receive private donations from those who truly value its services.

Step 4: What are the options in the case? DEFUND CON’S INDIANA ◦ funding cuts led to closure of a Planned Parenthood clinic that was the only HIV testing center in Scott County - the subsequent site of an HIV epidemic TEXAS ◦ affected health screenings and contraceptive services for more than 13, 000 low-income women WISCONSIN ◦ Two bill signed expected to cost Planned Parenthood $8 million per year in federal funds — including $3. 5 million for family planning OHIO ◦ to strip about $1. 3 million in government money ◦ The funds, mostly federal, have supported HIV testing, promoted teen pregnancy prevention, and assisted nearly 2, 800 new or expectant mothers last year.

Step 5: Our Determination Based off facts, federal government funding benefits the nation as a whole. (With possible restriction on select services)

Step 6: What justifies your choice? Roe vs Wade (1973) • Texas legislation was in favor of Roe Ø 14 th amendment- Equal Rights ØRoe v. Wade (1973) ruled unconstitutional a state law that banned abortions except to save the life of the mother. ØThe Court ruled that the states were forbidden from outlawing or regulating any aspect of abortion performed during the first trimester of pregnancy

Step 6: What justifies your choice? Other women's health services 10% Abortion 3% Other Services 1% STD/STI Testing and Treatment 35% Cancer Screening/Prevention 16% Contraception 35%

Step 7: How could this ethical problem have been prevented? ØImplement a governing body to oversee Planned Parenthood ØCan ensure to taxpayers that their money is being spent the way they want ØReduce likelihood of ethical issues

Step 7: How could this ethical problem have been prevented? ØHave the full cost of procedures and services fall onto the individual ØTaxpayers can use their money in other areas ØIndividual is less likely to abuse services given by PP due to increased cost

References https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=l-0 -Nl. DDik. E https: //www. plannedparenthood. org/about-us http: //www. usnews. com/news/articles/2015/09/15/defunding-plannedparenthood-a-moral-issue-not-a-legal-one http: //americamagazine. org/content/all-things/going-undercover-ethicalquestions-follow-planned-parenthood-video http: //www. stltoday. com/lifestyles/faith-and-values/the-hidden-ethics-battle-inthe-planned-parenthood-fetal-tissue/article_e 8 c 50 e 34 -81 ad-5 bfd-83 a 5 d 023614158 e 9. html http: //www. elpasotimes. com/story/news/national/2016/03/28/state--statestrategy-defund-planned-parenthood/82347462/ https: //www. tremr. com/francesca/planned-parenthood-pros-cons http: //www. worldmag. com/2015/10/why_isn_t_the_obama_administration_aud iting_planned_parenthood