Place Clues Chapter 39 Prepositions are often used

Place Clues Chapter 39

Prepositions are often used to show place. Ad + accusative = to ______ In + accusative = into ______ In + ablative = in ____ Ex or e + ablative = out of ______

Accusative Case - to When the “place” is a city, town or small island, the accusative case without a preposition indicates placed to which Cornelius iit Romam. – Cornelius went to Rome. Aeneas Carthaginem navigavit. - Aeneas sailed to Carthage. Princeps venit Athenas. – The emperor came to Athens.

Ablative Case (from) When the “place” is a city, town or small island, the ablative case without a preposition indicates place from which Brundisio discessit Valerius. - Valerius departed from Brundisium. Baiis profecti sunt Cornelii. The Cornelii set out from Baiae.

The Locative Case – in which When the “place” is a city, town or small island, the locative case is used without a preposition to show place in which.

What is the Locative Case The locative case is a different form depending on what declension the city, town or small island belongs to and whether it is singular or plural.

1 st and 2 nd Declension Nouns Singular The locative looks like the genitive singular. Examples: Romae – in Rome Brundisii – in Brundisium Deli- on Delos (on – because it is an island)

Singular Nouns of the 3 rd Declension The locative is the same as the ablative. Sidone – in Sidon One exception to this rule is: Carthagini – in Carthage The locative of Carthage is in the dative.

All Plural Nouns Same as the ablative: Baiis – in Baiae Athenis – in Athens Gadibus – in Gades Philippis – in Philippi

Doesn’t the Ablative Indicate “From Which”? ? ? Why, yes it does. The best way to determine whether a plural place in the ablative means “from which” or “in which” depends on the verb in the sentence.

If the verb is maneo, habito, or moror (among others) – it will translate as “in which”. Flavia Baiis habitat. Flavia lives in Baiae. If the verb is proficiscor, discedo, redeo (among others) – it will translate as “from which” Cornelii Baiis profecti sunt. The Cornelii set out from Baiae.

Oh, The Places You’ll Go! Places that need a preposition: Africa, -ae, f. – province Gallia, -ae, f – Gaul - province Creta, -ae f. – Crete - big island Thracia, -ae, f. – Thrace - country Hispania, -ae f. – Spain – province Italia, -ae f. – Italy – province Bithynia, -ae f. – Bithynia (modern day Turkey) – province Sicilia, -ae, f. – Sicily – big island Graecia, -ae, f. – Greece – country

More Places to Go!!! Places that do not require prepositions: Athenae, -arum, f. pl. – Athens – city Baiae, -arum, f. pl. – Baiae – city Brundisium, -i, n – city Carthago, Carthaginis, f. – Carthage – city in Africa Delos, Deli, f. – Delos – small island Gades, Gadium, f. pl. – Gades – city in Spain Philippi, -orum, m. pl. – city in Thrace Sidon, Sidonis, f. – city in Syria Roma, -ae f. – Rome (the city)

Domus, -us, f. Domus is a common word with weird characteristics. Although it is officially a fourth declension noun, it also has some alternative second declension endings, which are used when describing place. Locative – at home – domi (looks genitive) Ablative – from home – domo Accusative – to home (homeward) -domum

Rus, ruris, n. This word means country. It is a third declension noun. You will use it quite a bit in this chapter. rus – to the country (this is accusative) ruri – in the country (this is dative/locative) rure – from the country (ablative)