Place and Manner of Articulation Place Bilabial Labiodental

Place and Manner of Articulation Place Bilabial Labiodental Interdental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal Manner Voiced / Voiceless Aspirated / Unaspirated Nasal / Oral Stops / Fricatives / Affricates Liquids Glides

Chapter on Phonetics Homework (Ex 7) 1 a. bath [ ] bathe [ ] b. reduce [ s ] reduction [k] c. cool cold [o] [u]

Chapter on Phonetics Homework (Ex 7) 2 d. wife [f] wives [v] e. cats [s] dogs [z] indecent [n] f. impolite [ m ]

Chapter on Phonetics Homework (Ex 9) a. consonant, oral, stop, [voiced / voiceless pairs] b. vowel, back, rounded, non-low c. vowel, front, unrounded d. consonant, oral, voiceless, obstruent e. consonant, voiced f. consonant, coronal

Chapter on Phonetics Homework (Ex 11) Column A Column B a. front back (rounded) [AB all high] b. voiceless voiced c. labial NOT labials: OTHER d. high NOT high (mid or low) e. f. [AB pairs same Po. A] continuants noncontinuants (fricatives) (affricates ) NOT back

Chapter on Phonetics Homework (Ex 12) 1 a. [h] [ ] voiceless yes b. [r] [w] yes voiced c. [m] [ ] yes nasal d. [ ] [v] yes voiced e. [r] [t] no? [oral]

Chapter on Phonetics Homework (Ex 12) 2 f. [f] [ʃ] yes voiceless g. [k] [ ] yes voiceless h. [s] [g] no? [oral] i. [j] [w] yes glide j. [j] [ʤ] no? [oral]

American English Vowels See Figure 4. 5, p. 208. Fromkin, Victoria, Robert Rodman & Nina Hyams. 2011. An Introduction to Language, 9 th edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, p. 208.

Describing Vowels 1. Tongue position tongue height high / mid / low tongue partfront / central / back 2. lips rounding 3. tenseness yes (tense) / no (lax) 4. nasalization yes / no 5. length long / short duration Fromkin, Victoria, Robert Rodman & Nina Hyams. 2011. An Introduction to Language, 9 th edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, pp. 206 -210.

Major Phonetic Classes Noncontinuants / Continuants Obstruents / Sonorants Consonantal Labials Coronals Anteriors Sibilants Syllabic Vowels Liquids [sometimes] Nasals [sometimes] Fromkin, Victoria, Robert Rodman & Nina Hyams. 2011. An Introduction to Language, 9 th edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, pp. 210 -211.

Prosodic Features of Speech Sounds Duration (length) Pitch Loudness (stress) Tone Intonation Fromkin, Victoria, Robert Rodman & Nina Hyams. 2011. An Introduction to Language, 9 th edition. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, pp. 212 -215.

Phonetic Symbol / English Spelling Correspondences See Table 4. 6, p. 216.

Cork and Work and Card and Ward 1 (see Ex 8) (Anonymous) I take it you already know of tough and bough and cough and dough? Others may stumble, but not you on hiccough, thorough, lough, and through. I write in case you wish perhaps to learn of less familiar traps: Beware of heard, a dreadful word that looks like beard, and sounds like bird. And dead: it’s said like bed, not bead; for goodness’ sake, don’t call it deed!

Cork and Work and Card and Ward 2 (Anonymous) Watch out for meat and great and threat. (They rhyme with suite and straight and debt. ) A moth is not a moth in mother, nor both in bother, broth in brother. And here is not a match for there, nor dear for bear, or fear for pear.

Cork and Work and Card and Ward 3 (Anonymous) There’s does and rose, there’s also lose (Just look them up), and goose and choose; And cork and work, and card and ward, and font and front, and word and sword; And do and go and thwart and cart— come, I’ve barely made a start! A dreadful language? Man alive, I’d mastered it when I was five!

Chapter on Phonetics In-Class Exercise (Ex 10) 1 a. Noam Chomsky is a linguist who teaches at MIT. b. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds. c. All spoken languages use sounds produced by the upper respiratory system.

Chapter on Phonetics In-Class Exercise (Ex 10) 2 d. In one dialect of English cot the noun and caught the verb are pronounced the same. e. Some people think phonetics is very interesting. f. Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, and Nina Hyams are the authors of this book.