PITUITARY GLAND HYPOPHYSIS CEREBRI BY DR SHIVRAM BHAT

PITUITARY GLAND (HYPOPHYSIS CEREBRI ) BY DR SHIVRAM BHAT

LOCATION

Sella turcica, Pituitary fossa

Diaphragma sellae

MEASUREMENTS • Size 8 mm X 12 mm. • Weight 500 mg.

RELATIONS

PARTS

HISTOLOGY

PITUITARY CELLS & HORMONES Pars anterior Pars posterior • Acidophils – • Vasopressin ( SON) Somatotrophin, • Oxytocin (PVN) Prolactin. • Basophils – Adrenocorticotrophin, Thyrotrophin, Gonadotrophin. Pars intermedia melanocyte stim. horm.

• • PITUITARY HORMONES The Anterior Lobe Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Gonadotropins – Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) • • – Luteinizing Hormone (LH) • • LH in females LH in males Prolactin (PRL) Growth Hormone (GH) – • • • FSH in females FSH in males Hormone-replacement therapy ACTH Alpha Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (α-MSH) The Posterior Lobe Vasopressin Oxytocin

ARTERIAL SUPPLY • Internal carotid artery – superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries ( 2+ 2) • Anterior cerebral arteries.

VENOUS DRAINAGE • Cavernous sinus. • Intercavernous sinuses. • Hypothalamus.

BLOOD SUPPLY

FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIONS • HYPOTHALAMO HYPOPHYSEAL TRACT. • HYPOTHALAMOHYPOPHYSEAL PORTAL SYSTEM.

DEVELOPMENT • Floor of diencephalon. • Rathke’s pouch of stomotodeum.

DEVELOPMENT

APPLIED ANATOMY • Adenoma ( chromophobes ). • Craniopharyngeoma. • Pharyngeal hypophysis.

PITUITARY ADENOMA

QUESTIONS • SHORT ESSAYS – 1) Pituitary gland. 2) Blood supply of Pituitary gland. 3) Histology of Pituitary gland.