PIPING DRAWINGS C H A P T E

OBJECTIVES 1. Identify cast iron, brass, copper, and thermoplastic pipe and tubing fittings. 2.

Steel and Wrought-Iron Pipe n n Steel or wrought-iron pipe is commonly used for

Cast-Iron Pipe n n Cast-iron (C. I. ) pipe is used for water or

SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER PIPE It is used in plumbing for supply, soil, waste

PLASTIC AND SPECIALTY PIPES A wide variety of plastic pipe, both rigid and flexible,

PIPE JOINTS • screwed • flanged • welded • soldered Technical Drawing with Engineering

Cast-Iron Pipe Joints Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak,

Pipe Fittings n Pipe fittings are used to: n n Join lengths of pipe

Screwed Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart,

Flange Pipe Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak,

Solder Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart,

VALVES Valves are used to stop or regulate the flow of fluids in a

Piping Drawings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart,

UNDERSTANDING PIPING DRAWINGS CAD systems have standard symbols available, and templates for drawing piping

Pipe Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart,

Single and Double Line PIPING DRAWINGS Piping Symbols Used in a Double-Line Drawing and

Types of Drawings n n Piping may also be shown in a dimetric drawing

Types of Drawings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak,

Dimensioning Piping Drawings n In dimensioning piping drawings, give distances from: n n n

STEEL AND WROUGHT IRON PIPE Steel or wrought iron pipe is used for water,

CAST IRON PIPE Cast Iron Pipe, Thicknesses and Weights—American National Standard Cast Iron Pipe

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PIPING DRAWINGS C H A P T E R T W E N T Y- O N E

OBJECTIVES 1. Identify cast iron, brass, copper, and thermoplastic pipe and tubing fittings. 2. Draw and label common pipe joints using ANSI/ASME standard designations. 3. Draw a multiview or pictorial piping drawings using standard schematic symbols. 4. Draw the schematic symbols for valves and identify flow direction. Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 2 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Steel and Wrought-Iron Pipe n n Steel or wrought-iron pipe is commonly used for water, steam, oil, and gas Steel pipe is available as: n n Black pipe for natural gas Galvanized pipe for water distribution Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 3 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Cast-Iron Pipe n n Cast-iron (C. I. ) pipe is used for water or gas service and as soil pipe Generally water and gas pipes are connected with bell and spigot joints or flanged joints n Cast-iron pipe is brittle and settling can cause fracture unless the joints are sufficiently flexible Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 4 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

SEAMLESS BRASS AND COPPER PIPE It is used in plumbing for supply, soil, waste drain, and vent lines. It is also particularly suitable for process work where formation of scale or oxidation in steel pipe would be troublesome. Brass pipe and copper pipe are available in straight lengths up to 12'. Brass pipe, generally known as red brass pipe, is an alloy of approximately 85% copper and 15% zinc. Copper pipe is practically pure copper with less than 0. 1% of alloying elements. Brass pipe and copper pipe should be joined with fittings of copper-base alloy to avoid galvanic action resulting in corrosion. Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 5 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

PLASTIC AND SPECIALTY PIPES A wide variety of plastic pipe, both rigid and flexible, is used in construction. Plastic pipe is lightweight, corrosion proof, resistant to many chemicals, and has a smooth inner surface which offers low flow resistance. • PVC (polyvinyl chloride) • CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride) • HDPE (high-density polyethylene) Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 6 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

PIPE JOINTS • screwed • flanged • welded • soldered Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman Completed Weld 7 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Cast-Iron Pipe Joints Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 8 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Pipe Fittings n Pipe fittings are used to: n n Join lengths of pipe Provide changes of direction Provide branch connections at different angles Effect a change in size Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 9 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Screwed Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 10 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Flange Pipe Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 11 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Solder Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 12 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

VALVES Valves are used to stop or regulate the flow of fluids in a pipeline. Common types are: • • • Gate valves Globe valves Check valves Pressure-reducing valves Safety valves Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman Single-Line Valve Drawing 13 Double-Line Valve Drawing © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Piping Drawings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 14 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

UNDERSTANDING PIPING DRAWINGS CAD systems have standard symbols available, and templates for drawing piping symbols are a convenient timesaver when you are sketching piping. Standard Piping Symbols Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 15 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Pipe Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 16 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Single and Double Line PIPING DRAWINGS Piping Symbols Used in a Double-Line Drawing and a Single-Line Drawing (Courtesy of Softdes k, Inc. ) Single-Line Drawing Double-Line Drawing Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 17 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Types of Drawings n n Piping may also be shown in a dimetric drawing or in orthographic projection In a developed piping drawing, vertical pipes are revolved into the horizontal plane or horizontal pipes revolved into the vertical plane so the entire installation can be shown on one plane Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 18 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Types of Drawings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 19 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

Dimensioning Piping Drawings n In dimensioning piping drawings, give distances from: n n n Center to center, Center to end, or End to end of fittings or valves Give the lengths of all straight runs Show the size of each pipe Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 20 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

STEEL AND WROUGHT IRON PIPE Steel or wrought iron pipe is used for water, steam, oil, and gas. The American National Standards Institute/American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ANSI/ASME) has developed dimensions for 10 different schedules of pipe Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 21 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.

CAST IRON PIPE Cast Iron Pipe, Thicknesses and Weights—American National Standard Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Fittings Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 14/e Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 22 © 2012, 2009, 2003, Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.