PIPELINE QRA SEMINAR PIPELINE RISK ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION TO

PIPELINE QRA SEMINAR

PIPELINE RISK ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION TO HAZID 2

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Description “HAZID is a structured, team based approach to identify hazards, their potential consequences, and requirements for risk reduction” 3

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • What is the purpose of HAZID? -For the defined system, identify relevant hazards and their causes and potential consequences -Document any existing safeguards (i. e. preventing the hazard and/or consequences from the hazard) -Assess the risk (i. e. assess the probability/frequency and consequences) associated with the identified hazards -Make recommendations and assign actions to eliminate, prevent, control or mitigate the identified hazards 4

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Difference between risk and hazard? • Risk could be described as the exposure to a hazard • Hazard – any event/object that could cause harm • Hazard – a crocodile / Risk – exposed to a crocodile • More academic importance 5

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Team-based workshop -HAZID chairman -HAZID scribe -Participants • Different responsibilities within the HAZID team • Composition and size of the team depending on the situation (e. g. complexity) • Preferable smaller group (i. e. less than 10) 6

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Participants appropriate knowledge and experience (i. e. experts for the different parts of the system) • Participants appropriate knowledge and experience (e. g. operational personnel) -Maintenance -Safety -Process • Stakeholders (e. g. contractor, consultant, client and authorities) 7

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Structured – use of guidewords (established before the workshop) • Specific guidewords for the situation and system (combination of guidelines, company specific and experience) • Purpose of assisting in the identification or hazards 8

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 9

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 10

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 11

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 12

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Difficulties in determine what is actually the hazard, the cause and the consequence -The hazard (i. e. leak of hydrocarbon from a pipeline system) -The cause of an event (i. e. corrosion which causes a leakage from the pipeline) -The resulting consequence of an event (i. e. fire after ignition of the leakage from the pipeline) -The hazard (i. e. corrosion which causes a leakage from the pipeline) -The cause of an event (i. e. damaged corrosion protection on the pipeline) -The resulting consequence of an event (i. e. leak of hydrocarbon from a pipeline system ) • Confusion (i. e. incorrect use – academic importance) • Consistency – use the same approach throughout the HAZID! 13

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 14

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 15

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 16

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 17

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • What is the purpose of HAZID? -For the defined system, identify relevant hazards and their causes and potential consequences -Document any existing safeguards (i. e. preventing the hazard and/or consequences from the hazard) -Assess the risk (i. e. assess the probability/frequency and consequences) associated with the identified hazards -Make recommendations and assign actions to eliminate, prevent, control or mitigate the identified hazards 18

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Sometimes a HAZID only include the risk identification (i. e. where hazards and their causes and consequences are identified) • Most of them time a HAZID also include a qualitative risk assessment (i. e. where the probability/frequency and consequences for the identified hazards are assessed) • Assessment carried out with the support from a risk matrix 19

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 20

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 21

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 22

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • A number of actions to eliminate, prevent, control or mitigate the hazards are assigned at the workshop -Additional information -Inspections -Detailed studies -Detailed calculations -Changes in the design • Based on the close-out of these actions (and possible implementation) an updated risk assessment (residual risk) • Carried out weeks or months after the workshop 23

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 24

EXAMPLE OF HAZID 25

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • The hazards are recorded in the HAZID sheet • The actions are recorded in action sheets • The workshop is presented in the HAZID report -Presentation of the HAZID sheet (i. e. the information established at the workshop) -Presentation of the action sheets -Information on the workshop (e. g. participants, guidewords and methodology) • Updated based on the close-out of actions and updated risk assessment (residual risk) 26

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Advantages of HAZID • Flexibility (e. g. concept – high-level hazards / detailed design – detailed hazards) • Flexibility (e. g. could be used to analyse one concept or compare two different concepts) • Thorough (i. e. systematic approach) • Well documented (e. g. easy to keep track on information) 27

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID Disadvantages of HAZID • Information (i. e. strongly depending on the information available) • HAZID team (i. e. depending on the expertise and experience within the team) • Close-out of actions (i. e. depending on the commitment from management) • Effectiveness (i. e. only effective if the hazards identified are resolved and appropriate actions implemented) 28

INTRODUCTION TO HAZID • Round-around the table (i. e. speak up your strongest concerns regarding possible hazards) before going into the guidewords • Gathering experts for the different parts of the system often leads to discussion of things which might not actually be a hazard (more cross-disciplinary problems) – keep focus on the hazards! • Spend some time defining the actual system (e. g. boundaries and project phase) 29

QUESTIONS? 30