Ping and traceroute demonstration Skills Use Ping and

Ping and traceroute demonstration Skills: Use Ping and Traceroute and Query the Whois database IT concepts: network transit time, router hops, IP registration database, the Internet as a network of networks, backbone network This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial. Share Alike 3. 0 License.

Network connection and display characteristics • Internet concepts – Applications – Technology (connectivity) – Implications for • Individuals • Organizations • Society • Internet skills – Application development – Content creation • Text • Images • Audio • Video

Ping and traceroute • Ping – measure the time for a packet to travel to a remote host and back – The server sends back an acknowledgment when the packet arrives • Traceroute – list the router hops between the client host and a remote host. – The IP address and domain name (if there is one) of each router is returned to the client

Ping clients • Windows comes with a Ping client • It has a command line interface, not a graphical user interface • It is run from a DOS command line window For more on command line versus graphical user interfaces see: http: //bpastudio. csudh. edu/fac/lpress//471/hout/misc/guivcli. htm

Open a command line window Start > Run

Command line prompt (>) with a blinking cursor The prompt shows the current directory DOS is ready for an operating system command or execution of a program – type the command or program name

Ping command line Program name Remote host domain name

Ping results 1 2 3 4 1. The command to ping www. pepperdine. edu four times 2. The replies took between 36 and 38 milliseconds 3. No packets were lost 4. The average ping time was 37 milliseconds

Prefixes for small quantities Prefix Deci Centi Milli Meaning One tenth One hundredth One thousandth Fraction 1/100 1/1, 000 Micro Nano Pico One millionth One billionth One trillionth 1/1, 000, 000 1/1, 000, 000 After these prefixes come femto, atto, zepto, and yocto, each 1, 000 times smaller than the previous.

A windows Ping client

Traceroute command line Program name Remote host domain name Note the abbreviated program name tracert – early DOS was limited to 8 -character file names.

Traceroute results Hop 1: my home LAN router Hops 2 -7: Verizon (my ISP) network Hops 8 -10: the Yahoo LAN

How do I know the IP address 130. 81. 17. 229 and 130. 81. 14. 98 belong to Verizon?

Query the Whois database for the owner of 130. 81. x. x http: //www. dnstools. com Org. Name: Verizon Internet Services Inc. Org. ID: VRIS Address: 1880 Campus Commons Dr City: Reston State. Prov: VA Postal. Code: 20191 Country: US Net. Range: 130. 81. 0. 0 - 130. 81. 255

A longer route Hop 1: my home LAN router Hops 2 -4: Verizon (my ISP) network (a backbone ISP) Hops 5 -6: Alternet (a backbone ISP) Hops 7 -11: Level 3 (a backbone ISP) Hops 12 -14: the Google LAN

Request timed out This message indicates that the router security settings keep it from revealing its identity or the router and connection are slow.